Breakdown of بر اساس شواهد مبنی بر اینکه طوفان به شهر ساحلی میرسد، مدیر پروازها را لغو کرد.
شهرshahr
city
بهbe
to
راrâ
definite direct object marker
مدیرmodir
manager
Questions & Answers about بر اساس شواهد مبنی بر اینکه طوفان به شهر ساحلی میرسد، مدیر پروازها را لغو کرد.
How does mabni bar in ke work in this sentence, and does it need an ezafe to connect to shavâhed?
Mabni bar in ke (مبنی بر اینکه) translates to 'indicating that' or 'to the effect that'. It functions here like an adjective phrase modifying the noun before it. Because of this, you need an ezafe to connect them, making it shavâhed-e mabni bar in ke (شواهدِ مبنی بر اینکه) when spoken, even though the ezafe is usually not written in the Persian script.
Why use both bar asâs-e and mabni bar? Don't they both essentially mean 'based on'?
Literally, yes. Bar asâs-e (بر اساسِ) means 'based on', and mabni (مبنی) comes from an Arabic root meaning 'built' or 'based'. However, in modern formal Farsi, mabni bar in ke has evolved into a fixed reporting clause meaning 'indicating that' or 'to the effect that'. Using both together is standard and avoids sounding repetitive, translating smoothly to 'based on the evidence indicating that'.
The English translation uses the singular word 'evidence'. Is shavâhed singular or plural?
Shavâhed (شواهد) is an Arabic broken plural. In Farsi, it is used to refer to multiple pieces of evidence or a body of evidence. Because 'evidence' is strictly an uncountable singular noun in English, the translation is singular, but the Farsi word is grammatically plural.
Why use the present tense miresad if the storm hasn't completely arrived yet?
Farsi frequently uses the present indicative, miresad (میرسد), to describe a near-future event that is highly likely, already in progress, or imminent. This functions exactly like how English uses the present continuous form 'is reaching' to describe an impending future event.