Breakdown of شما موظف هستید قبل از اینکه سند مذکور را امضا کنید، آن را بخوانید.
شما
you (plural)
آن
that
بودنbudan
to be
ازaz
from
خواندنkhândan
to read / to study (a subject)
راrâ
definite direct object marker
امضا کردنemzâ kardan
to sign
سندsanad
document
اینکهin-ke
that (conjunction)
قبلghabl
ago, earlier
مذکورmazkur
the aforementioned / the said (general)
موظفmovazzaf
obliged / required (of a person)
قبل از اینکهghabl az inke
before (+ subjunctive)
Questions & Answers about شما موظف هستید قبل از اینکه سند مذکور را امضا کنید، آن را بخوانید.
How does مذکور (mazkur) connect to the noun it modifies in this sentence?
مذکور (mazkur) acts as a standard adjective meaning 'aforementioned' or 'in question.' It connects to the noun سند (sanad - document) using the ezafe vowel, forming سند مذکور (sanad-e mazkur). Because it refers to a specific document acting as the direct object, it takes the object marker را (ra), becoming سند مذکور را (sanad-e mazkur ra).
Why are both امضا کنید (emza konid) and بخوانید (bekhanid) in the subjunctive mood here?
They are triggered by two different structures. امضا کنید (emza konid - you sign) is subjunctive because it follows the conjunction قبل از اینکه (ghabl az inke - before). بخوانید (bekhanid - you read) is subjunctive because it is the action you are obliged to do, governed by موظف هستید (movazzaf hastid - you are obliged). You can imagine an invisible که (ke - that) linking the obligation to the reading.
The English translation says 'read the aforementioned document before you sign it,' but the Farsi word order seems reversed. Why?
In Farsi, it is very common to introduce the full noun phrase first to establish context. Here it happens inside the 'before' clause: قبل از اینکه سند مذکور را امضا کنید (ghabl az inke sanad-e mazkur ra emza konid). Then, the main action uses a pronoun to refer back to it: آن را بخوانید (an ra bekhanid - read it). The sentence literally flows as 'You are obliged, before you sign the said document, to read it.'
Is موظف (movazzaf - obliged) related to the word وظیفه (vazife - duty)?
Yes! Both words share the same Arabic root. وظیفه (vazife) means duty or task, while موظف (movazzaf) is an adjective from the same root meaning 'tasked' or 'duty-bound.' Recognizing these shared roots is a great way to decode formal Farsi vocabulary at the B2 level.
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