Breakdown of خانمی که ساعتش ارزشمند است، باید مشخصات آن را توصیف کند.
است
is
آن
that
ساعتsâ'at
watch
راrâ
definite direct object marker
بایدbâyad
must
کهke
that (conjunction)
خانمkhânom
lady, Ms.
توصیف کردنtowsif kardan
to describe
مشخصاتmoshakhkhasât
details / specifications
ارزشمندarzeshmand
valuable
Questions & Answers about خانمی که ساعتش ارزشمند است، باید مشخصات آن را توصیف کند.
How does ke sâ'atash translate to "whose watch"?
Farsi doesn't have a single direct equivalent for "whose". Instead, it uses ke (that/who) followed by the noun with a possessive ending. So, khânomi ke sâ'atash... literally means "the lady that her watch...". This is the standard way to create a possessive relative clause in Farsi.
Why does the sentence start with khânomi (a lady) when the English translation says "The lady"?
The -i at the end of khânomi isn't the indefinite article meaning "a" or "some" here. This is the restrictive -i, which pairs with ke to single out a specific person or thing. It essentially means "the particular lady who...".
Why does râ come after ân instead of right after moshakhkhasât?
The object marker râ must follow the entire direct object phrase. The direct object here isn't just "details", but "its details" (moshakhkhasât-e ân). Since ân (it/that) is part of this noun phrase, connected by an ezafe, the râ waits to attach until the very end of the phrase.
Why is the final verb towsif konad rather than the standard present tense towsif mikonad?
The verb is in the subjunctive mood because it is triggered by bâyad (must) earlier in the sentence. Whenever you use a modal word like must, should, or want, the following verb must take the subjunctive form. For the compound verb towsif kardan (to describe), this means using konad instead of mikonad.
How is the adjective arzeshmand formed?
It is made of the noun arzesh (value) and the suffix -mand, which means "possessing" or "full of". You can use this suffix to recognize or build other adjectives at this level, such as servatmand (wealthy / possessing wealth) or kheradmand (wise).
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