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### Forming Formal and Plural Commands

When giving instructions to a group of people, or when addressing a single person respectfully (such as a manager, colleague, or someone you just met), you should use the formal or plural command form.

To build this form, attach the prefix **بـ** (or **ب**) to the **present stem** of the verb, and add the plural suffix **ید** at the end.

| Infinitive | Present Stem | Formal Command | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| **دادن** | **ده** | **بدهید** | Give! |
| **خواندن** | **خوان** | **بخوانید** | Read! |
| **نوشتن** | **نویس** | **بنویسید** | Write! |
| **گذاشتن** | **گذار** | **بگذارید** | Put! |

Let's look at some examples of these commands in a professional setting. Notice the frequent use of **لطفاً** (please) to maintain a polite tone.

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### Compound Verbs as Commands

Many Farsi verbs related to office work and technology are compound verbs. These are made by pairing a noun with a "light verb" like **کردن** (to do) or **گرفتن** (to take).

When forming a command with a compound verb, only the light verb changes. For verbs ending in **کردن**, the formal command becomes **کنید** (the **بـ** prefix is usually dropped for this specific verb in everyday usage). For **گرفتن**, it becomes **بگیرید**.

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Formal and plural commands (be- ... -id)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

suffix

verb

Singular pronouns and copula (man, -am)

Plural pronouns and copula (mâ, -im)

Subject pronoun omission

Singular demonstratives (in, ân)

Plural demonstratives (inhâ, ânhâ)

Independent copula (hastam, hast)

Negative present copula (nistam, nist)

Yes/No questions (âyâ)

Regular plurals (-hâ)

Animate plurals (-ân)

Indefiniteness (yek)

Indefinite marker (-i)

Describing nouns (-e / -ye)

Possession (-e / -ye)

Singular possessives (-am, -at, -ash)

Plural possessives (-emân, -etân, -eshân)

Basic prepositions (dar, be, az, bâ)

Spatial prepositions (ru-ye, zir-e...)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yek, do, se...)

Numbers and singular nouns

Numbers 11 to 20 (yâzdah, davâzdah...)

Counting by tens to 100

Telling time (sâ'at)

The verb to have (dâram)

Negative to have (nadâram)

Basic word order (SOV)

Infinitives and present stems (-an)

Present indicative (mi-)

Negative present indicative (nemi-)

Compound verbs

Question words (che, kojâ)

How many (chand)

The definite object marker (râ)

Object pronouns (man râ, to râ)

Singular commands (be-)

Negative commands (na-)

The present subjunctive (be-)

The negative present subjunctive (na-)

Must (bâyad)

Might (shâyad)

Wanting to do something (khâstan)

Being able to do something (tavânestan)

Forming the past stem

The simple past of to be (budan)

The simple past tense

Negative simple past (na-)

Attached object pronouns on verbs (-am, -at, -ash)

Comparative adjectives (-tar)

Basic conjunctions (va, ammâ, yâ)

Giving reasons (chon)

Adverbs of frequency and degree (hamishe, hargez, kheyli, kam)

Everyday actions (kâr kardan, bâz kardan)

Non-human plural subjects

Indefinite pronouns (kasi, chizi, jâyi)

Negative indefinite pronouns (hich-kas, hich-chiz, hich-jâ)

Reciprocal pronouns (hamdigar, yekdigar)

Reflexive pronouns (khod-)

Reflexive direct objects (khod râ)

Emphatic pronouns (khod)

The quantifier every (har)

The quantifier all (hame)

The quantifier some (ba'zi)

Another and other (-i digar)

Which (kodâm)

How much (cheghadr)

Comparisons of equality (mesl-e)

Superlative adjectives (-tarin)

Irregular comparatives and superlatives

Ordinal numbers (-om)

Pre-nominal ordinal numbers (-omin)

Fractions and percentages

Prepositions of theme (dar mored-e)

Prepositions of time (ghabl az, ba'd az)

Preposition of exclusion (bedun-e)

Resultative conjunctions (banâbarin, pas)

Hortative construction (biyâ, biyâyid)

The present progressive tense (dâram mi-)

The past continuous tense (mi-)

Negative past continuous (ne-mi-)

Past continuous of to have (dâshtam)

The past progressive tense (dâshtam mi-)

The past participle (-e)

Present perfect tense (-e-am, -e-ast)

Negative present perfect (na-)

Present perfect of compound verbs

Question	Answer
form	فرمform
manager	مدیرmodir
to sign	امضا کردنemzâ kardan
Please sign the manager's form.	لطفاً فرم مدیر را امضا کنید.lotfan form-e modir râ emzâ konid.
report	گزارشgozâresh
Give the report to the manager today.	امروز گزارش را به مدیر بدهید.emruz gozâresh râ be modir bedahid.
document	سندsanad
to print	چاپ کردنchâp kardan
Please print this document.	لطفاً این سند را چاپ کنید.lotfan in sanad râ châp konid.
telephone	تلفنtelefon
to call / to contact	تماس گرفتنtamâs gereftan
Call the manager's phone.	با تلفن مدیر تماس بگیرید.bâ telefon modir tamâs begirid.
password	رمزramz
to enter / to input	وارد کردنvâred kardan
Enter the computer password.	رمز کامپیوتر را وارد کنید.ramz-e kâmpyuter râ vâred konid.
Sign here, please.	لطفاً اینجا امضا کنید.lotfan injâ emzâ konid
Contact the manager tomorrow.	فردا با مدیر تماس بگیرید.fardâ bâ modir tamâs begirid.
Enter the password in this form.	رمز را در این فرم وارد کنید.ramz râ dar in form vâred konid.
Print the report for the meeting.	گزارش را برای جلسه چاپ کنید.gozâresh râ barâye jalase châp konid.
Give the phone to my colleague.	گوشی را به همکار من بدهید.gushi râ be hamkâr man bedahid.
Put the file on the table.	پرونده را روی میز بگذارید.parvande râ ruye miz bogzârid.
Please write a letter to the manager.	لطفاً یک نامه برای مدیر بنویسید.lotfan yek nâme barâye modir benevisid.
Send the file to my colleague.	پرونده را برای همکار من بفرستید.parvande râ barâye hamkâr man beferestid.
Please read the document.	لطفاً سند را بخوانید.lotfan sanad râ bekhânid.
Give the phone to the manager.	تلفن را به مدیر بدهید.telefon râ be modir bedahid.
surname, family name	نام خانوادگیnâm-e khânevâdegi
Please write your first name and surname on the form.	لطفاً اسم و نام خانوادگی را در فرم بنویسید.lotfan esm va nâm khânevâdegi râ dar form benevisid.
The manager's surname is on the document.	نام خانوادگی مدیر روی سند است.nâm-e khânevâdegi-ye modir ruye sanad ast.

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