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Croatian

### First to Fifth

In Croatian, ordinal numbers (first, second, third, etc.) function as adjectives. They take endings to match the noun they describe in gender, number, and case. In this lesson, we will focus on the **masculine nominative singular** forms, which all end in **-i**.

(Note: **drugi** means "second," but you may already know it as the word for "other" or "another"!)

Here are the first few ordinal numbers:
- **prvi** (first)
- **treći** (third)
- **četvrti** (fourth)
- **peti** (fifth)

Let's see how to use them to talk about positions in a queue (**u redu**) or a sequence of tasks.

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### Sixth to Tenth

The pattern continues for the next set of numbers. Their stems closely resemble the regular numbers used for counting quantities. 

- **šesti** (sixth)
- **sedmi** (seventh)
- **osmi** (eighth)
- **deveti** (ninth)
- **deseti** (tenth)

These are useful for identifying specific items in a sequence, such as months, days, or rows.

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### Winners and the Last in Line

When discussing a sequence or a competition, you will often need words like **pobjednik** (winner) and **utrka** (race). 

To describe whoever is at the end of the line or sequence, use the word **zadnji** (last). Just like the ordinal numbers, **zadnji** behaves as an adjective, and its masculine form ends in **-i**.

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Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (prvi, drugi, treći...)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

prep

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Singular pronouns and to be (sam, si, je)

Noun genders (-Ø, -a, -o/-e)

Demonstrative pronouns (ovaj, ova, ovo)

Plural pronouns and to be (smo, ste, su)

Masculine plural nouns (-i)

Feminine plural nouns (-e)

Neuter plural nouns (-a)

Full verb to be (jesam, jesi)

Negative verb to be (nisam, nisi)

Yes/no questions (je li)

Wh- questions (tko, gdje)

Formal vs informal address (ti vs Vi)

Regular present tense (-ati)

Regular present tense (-iti)

Regular present tense (-jeti)

Verb negation (ne)

The verb to have (imati / nemati)

Inanimate direct objects

Feminine direct objects (-u)

Plural direct objects (-e, -a)

Accusative pronouns (me, te, ga, ju)

Adjective agreement

Plural adjectives

Accusative adjectives

Numbers 1 to 10 (jedan, dva, tri)

The locative case (-u)

Feminine locative (-i)

The verb to go (ići)

Destination (u, na)

The genitive case (-a)

Accusative pronouns (nas, vas, ga, ih)

Animate masculine accusative (-a)

Adjective agreement for animate masculine (-og, -eg)

The verb can (moći)

The verb must (morati)

The verb to want (htjeti, hoću)

The future tense (ću/ćeš + infinitive)

The past tense: l-participle (radio, radila)

Past tense word order (Prvo sam radio...)

Past tense with plural subjects (-li, -le, -la)

Feminine genitive singular (-e)

Possession and origin (od, iz)

Negative existence (nema)

Numbers 2, 3, and 4

Genitive plural (-a)

Numbers 11 to 20

Past tense negation (nisam)

Past tense questions (jeste li)

Dative singular

Dative pronouns (ti, mu, joj)

Past tense negation (nisam, nisi...)

Double object pronouns (mu ga, ti ju...)

Reflexive verbs (se)

Reflexive clitic word order

Commands and requests (radi, radite)

Plural demonstratives (ovi, ove, ova)

Possessive determiners (moj, naš, njegov)

Greetings (Dobar dan, doviđenja)

The body: Boli me glava

Directions (lijevo, desno, ravno)

There is, there are (ima)

Politeness (molim vas, hvala lijepa)

How you feel (Sviđa mi se)

Counting by tens to 100 (trideset, četrdeset...)

Quantifiers with the genitive case (malo, puno...)

Adjective agreement in the genitive singular (-og, -e)

Adjective agreement in the genitive plural (-ih)

Genitive prepositions (kod, do, bez...)

Asking what kind and which (kakav, koji)

Possessive determiners (njegov, njezin...)

Possessives in the accusative case

The reflexive possessive (svoj)

Indefinite pronouns (netko, nešto, neki)

Negative pronouns (nitko, ništa)

The verb to need (trebati)

Reciprocal verbs (se)

Introduction to verbal aspect

Perfective verbs with prefixes

Perfective verbs with stem changes

Irregular perfective verbs

Aspect in the past tense

Aspect in the future tense

Vehicular motion (voziti se, putovati)

Arrival and departure ('doći', 'otići')

Entering and exiting ('ući', 'izaći')

Singular accompaniment ('s', 'sa')

Question	Answer
first (masculine)	prvi
Who is first in the queue?	Tko je prvi u redu?
I am first today.	Danas sam prvi.
third	treći
My son is third in the school.	Moj sin je treći u školi.
Was he third in the queue?	Je li bio treći u redu?
fourth	četvrti
The fourth task is in the notebook.	Četvrti zadatak je u bilježnici.
The fourth week is hard.	Četvrti tjedan je težak.
fifth	peti
Her fifth film is boring.	Njezin peti film je dosadan.
Who is the fifth client?	Tko je peti klijent?
What is the fifth task?	Što je peti zadatak?
sixth	šesti
The sixth month is June.	Šesti mjesec je lipanj.
Is the sixth row empty?	Je li šesti red prazan?
seventh	sedmi
The seventh player is in the hospital.	Sedmi igrač je u bolnici.
The seventh day is Sunday.	Sedmi dan je nedjelja.
eighth	osmi
Was your brother eighth in the queue?	Je li tvoj brat bio osmi u redu?
Our eighth task is bigger.	Naš osmi zadatak je veći.
ninth	deveti
The ninth month is September.	Deveti mjesec je rujan.
The ninth car is mine.	Deveti auto je moj.
tenth	deseti
The tenth problem is worse.	Deseti problem je gori.
Is the tenth student in the library?	Je li deseti student u knjižnici?
winner	pobjednik
last (final in a sequence)	zadnji
race	utrka
The winner is first, and the last player is tenth in the race.	Pobjednik je prvi, a zadnji igrač je deseti u utrci.
We are fourth and fifth, and we want to be faster.	Mi smo četvrti i peti, a želimo biti brži.
The sixth driver is slower and is not the winner.	Šesti vozač je sporiji i nije pobjednik.
The seventh, eighth and ninth students are waiting outside.	Sedmi, osmi i deveti učenik čekaju vani.
The tenth man in the queue is tired and thirsty.	Deseti čovjek u redu je umoran i žedan.
I am first, and he is last in the queue.	Ja sam prvi, a on je zadnji u redu.
This is my first race.	Ovo je moja prva utrka.

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