Learn Spanish (Latin America): ¿Cada placa tectónica viene cambiando esa masa? - Has each tectonic plate been changing that mass?

This is the special structure venir plus a gerund (like cambiando). It describes an action that started in the past and has steadily continued or accumulated up to the present moment. While it literally translates to "comes changing," English speakers naturally express this ongoing buildup as "has been changing."

What is the difference between using viene cambiando and ha estado cambiando here?

Both essentially mean "has been changing." However, using venir instead of estar emphasizes the gradual, accumulating nature of the change over time. It is a perfect choice for this sentence because tectonic plates move and change things in a slow, continuous build-up.

Why do we use esa instead of eso for "that mass"?

Masa (mass) is a feminine singular noun, so it needs the matching feminine singular adjective esa. A very common mistake is using eso for "that," but eso is a neutral pronoun used only for abstract ideas or unknown situations, never directly in front of a noun.

Would cada change its ending if the noun were masculine?