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### Earlier today

**Azi-dimineață** means *this morning*; you will mostly hear it with a past tense. **Azi-noapte** is the night that has just ended — the hours you slept through; *aseară* is yesterday evening. Both are written with a hyphen.

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### Odată or o dată?

Written as one word, **odată** means *once, at some time in the past* — every Romanian fairy tale opens with *A fost odată ca niciodată* (once upon a time). Written as two words, *o dată* counts: one time, *o dată pe săptămână*.

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### Beginning and middle

**Începutul** pairs with *sfârșitul*: *la începutul lunii* (at the beginning of the month), and without the article, *la început* (at first). **Miezul** is the inside of something: *la miezul nopții* is midnight, and recipes ask for *miez de nucă* (shelled walnuts).

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### Lasting, stopping, coming back

| verb | present | example |
|---|---|---|
| **dura** | durează | *Cât durează?* — How long does it take? |
| **înceta** | încetează | *A încetat să plouă.* |
| **reveni** | revin, revii, revine | *Revin imediat.* — I'll be right back. |

*Reveni* is conjugated like *veni*. *Înceta* takes **să**, just like *a începe să*.

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### Telling it in order

The pluperfect places one past event before another: when I woke up, the rain *had* already stopped.

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This morning, last night (azi-dimineață, azi-noapte)

adjective

adverb

adverbial phrase

auxiliary

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The verb to be and definite articles (a fi, -ul, -le)

Feminine definite articles (-a, -ua)

Indefinite articles (un, o)

Negative sentences (nu)

Question words (ce, unde, cine)

The verb to have (a avea)

Masculine plural nouns (-i, -ii)

Feminine plural nouns (-e, -i, -le)

Neuter plural nouns (-uri, -e, -le)

Adjectives and agreement

Present tense of regular -a verbs

Present tense of -a verbs with suffix (-ez)

Present tense of regular -i and -î verbs

Present tense of -i and -î verbs with suffix (-esc / -ăsc)

Present tense of -ea and -e verbs

Reflexive pronouns (mă, te, se, ne, vă)

Accusative prepositions (în, la, pe, din, cu)

Likes and dislikes (îmi place)

Possessive adjectives (meu, tău, său)

Third-person possessives (lui, ei, lor)

Possessive articles (al, a, ai, ale)

Formal politeness (dumneavoastră)

Demonstrative adjectives (acest, acel)

Numbers 1 to 10

The number two (doi, două)

Numbers 11 to 20

Counting by tens to 100

Quantifying large numbers (de)

The subjunctive (să)

Third-person subjunctive (să)

Direct object pronouns (îl, o, îi, le)

Personal direct objects (pe)

Days of the week

Telling time (e ora...)

Months of the Year (January to June)

Months of the Year (July to December)

The Four Seasons

Weather Conditions

Rooms in a House

Basic Body Parts: Upper Body

Basic Body Parts: Limbs

Everyday Clothing

Basic Foods: Groceries

Fruits and Vegetables

Around Town

Getting Around

Setting the Table

A Colorful World

Common Animals

In the Wild

Jobs and Careers

Everyday Tech

Describing people (tânăr, bătrân, înalt)

Asking when and why (când, de ce, care)

Hello and goodbye (bună ziua, la revedere)

Coming and going (intra, sta, trece)

Where is it? (sub, lângă, între)

Knowing and thinking (știu că, cred că)

Sorry, welcome, congratulations (îmi pare rău, la mulți ani)

Introducing yourself (mă numesc, sunt din România)

How much and how many (puțin, prea, doar)

Can and may (pot merge, pot să merg)

If and whether (dacă)

At school and university

Irregular verbs in the present (vrea, lua, da, bea, sta)

Free time and sport

How much is it? (cât costă, câți, câte)

Before and after (înainte, după, până)

At the doctor (mă doare)

Meals of the day (micul dejun, prânzul, cina)

At the restaurant

Ability and permission (a putea să)

Obligation and necessity (trebuie să)

Desires and intentions (a vrea să)

Impersonal statements (se)

Adverbs of frequency (adesea, uneori)

Conjunctions for reasons and links (pentru că, deci)

Stressed accusative pronouns (pe mine, pe tine)

Indefinite pronouns (cineva, ceva)

Negative pronouns and double negation (nimeni, nimic)

The past tense auxiliary (am, ai, a)

The past tense (am, ai, a)

Regular past participles (-at, -it)

Regular past participles (-ut, -s, -t)

Negative past tense (nu am)

Question	Answer
this morning	azi-dimineață
This morning I only had a coffee.	Azi-dimineață am băut doar o cafea.
I woke up late this morning.	M-am trezit târziu azi-dimineață.
I talked to him this morning.	Am vorbit cu el azi-dimineață.
last night (during the night, overnight)	azi-noapte
It rained a lot last night.	Azi-noapte a plouat mult.
I didn't sleep well last night.	N-am dormit bine azi-noapte.
once (at one time, in the past)	odată
Once upon a time there was a king.	A fost odată un rege.
Once, there was a forest here.	Odată, aici era o pădure.
I was young once, too.	Și eu am fost odată tânăr.
the beginning	începutul
at first, in the beginning	la început
I missed the beginning of the movie.	Am pierdut începutul filmului.
The salary comes at the beginning of the month.	Salariul vine la începutul lunii.
At first it was hard.	La început a fost greu.
the middle (of the night); the kernel, the core	miezul
I got home at midnight.	Am ajuns acasă la miezul nopții.
I put walnuts in the cozonac.	Pun miez de nucă în cozonac.
to last (time)	dura
The movie lasts two hours.	Filmul durează două ore.
How long does it take to get to the sea?	Cât durează drumul până la mare?
The meeting lasted three hours.	Ședința a durat trei ore.
The party lasted until midnight.	Petrecerea a durat până la miezul nopții.
to stop, to cease (doing)	înceta
Last night the baby wouldn't stop crying.	Azi-noapte copilul nu a încetat să plângă.
It stopped raining.	A încetat să plouă.
Stop it, please!	Încetează, te rog!
When I woke up, the rain had stopped.	Când m-am trezit, ploaia încetase.
to come back, to return (to a place or topic)	reveni
I'll be right back.	Revin imediat.
We'll be back after the break.	Revenim după pauză.
When I came back, the meeting had already ended.	Când am revenit, ședința se terminase deja.
the calendar	calendarul
I wrote the date in the calendar.	Am scris data în calendar.
Hold on, let me check the calendar.	Stai să mă uit în calendar.
At first I didn't understand anything.	La început nu înțelegeam nimic.
At first I was afraid of the dog.	La început mi-a fost frică de câine.

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