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### Christmas

**Crăciunul** is Christmas. *At Christmas* is **la Crăciun** — the article drops after the preposition, as usual. The tree is **bradul**, the fir tree, and the presents go under it.

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### Birthdays

**Ziua de naștere** is literally *the day of birth*. The possessive sits in the middle: *ziua **mea** de naștere*, *ziua **ta** de naștere*. You already know what to say on the day: **La mulți ani!**

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### Wishing: a ura

To wish someone something is **a ura**, with the *to-someone* pronoun: *îți urez* (I wish you), *vă urez* (I wish you all). **A dori** is different — it is what *you* want.

| | a ura |
|---|---|
| eu | **urez** |
| tu | **urezi** |
| el, ea | **urează** |
| noi | **urăm** |
| voi | **urați** |
| ei, ele | **urează** |

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### Congratulating: a felicita

**A felicita** takes a direct object: *te felicit* — I congratulate you. The card you write is **o felicitare**, and the one-word version is **Felicitări!**

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**Mă bucur** (*I'm glad*) is the same verb as *a se bucura de* (to enjoy).

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Celebrations (Crăciun, ziua de naștere)

adjective

adverb

adverbial phrase

auxiliary

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The verb to be and definite articles (a fi, -ul, -le)

Feminine definite articles (-a, -ua)

Indefinite articles (un, o)

Negative sentences (nu)

Question words (ce, unde, cine)

The verb to have (a avea)

Masculine plural nouns (-i, -ii)

Feminine plural nouns (-e, -i, -le)

Neuter plural nouns (-uri, -e, -le)

Adjectives and agreement

Present tense of regular -a verbs

Present tense of -a verbs with suffix (-ez)

Present tense of regular -i and -î verbs

Present tense of -i and -î verbs with suffix (-esc / -ăsc)

Present tense of -ea and -e verbs

Reflexive pronouns (mă, te, se, ne, vă)

Accusative prepositions (în, la, pe, din, cu)

Likes and dislikes (îmi place)

Possessive adjectives (meu, tău, său)

Third-person possessives (lui, ei, lor)

Possessive articles (al, a, ai, ale)

Formal politeness (dumneavoastră)

Demonstrative adjectives (acest, acel)

Numbers 1 to 10

The number two (doi, două)

Numbers 11 to 20

Counting by tens to 100

Quantifying large numbers (de)

The subjunctive (să)

Third-person subjunctive (să)

Direct object pronouns (îl, o, îi, le)

Personal direct objects (pe)

Days of the week

Telling time (e ora...)

Months of the Year (January to June)

Months of the Year (July to December)

The Four Seasons

Weather Conditions

Rooms in a House

Basic Body Parts: Upper Body

Basic Body Parts: Limbs

Everyday Clothing

Basic Foods: Groceries

Fruits and Vegetables

Around Town

Getting Around

Setting the Table

A Colorful World

Common Animals

In the Wild

Jobs and Careers

Everyday Tech

Describing people (tânăr, bătrân, înalt)

Asking when and why (când, de ce, care)

Hello and goodbye (bună ziua, la revedere)

Coming and going (intra, sta, trece)

Where is it? (sub, lângă, între)

Knowing and thinking (știu că, cred că)

Sorry, welcome, congratulations (îmi pare rău, la mulți ani)

Introducing yourself (mă numesc, sunt din România)

How much and how many (puțin, prea, doar)

Can and may (pot merge, pot să merg)

If and whether (dacă)

At school and university

Irregular verbs in the present (vrea, lua, da, bea, sta)

Free time and sport

How much is it? (cât costă, câți, câte)

Before and after (înainte, după, până)

At the doctor (mă doare)

Meals of the day (micul dejun, prânzul, cina)

At the restaurant

Ability and permission (a putea să)

Obligation and necessity (trebuie să)

Desires and intentions (a vrea să)

Impersonal statements (se)

Adverbs of frequency (adesea, uneori)

Conjunctions for reasons and links (pentru că, deci)

Stressed accusative pronouns (pe mine, pe tine)

Indefinite pronouns (cineva, ceva)

Negative pronouns and double negation (nimeni, nimic)

The past tense auxiliary (am, ai, a)

The past tense (am, ai, a)

Regular past participles (-at, -it)

Regular past participles (-ut, -s, -t)

Negative past tense (nu am)

Question	Answer
Christmas	Crăciunul
Christmas is in December.	Crăciunul este în decembrie.
At Christmas, the whole family is together.	La Crăciun, toată familia este împreună.
This year we are going to spend Christmas at home.	Anul ăsta o să petrecem Crăciunul acasă.
Congratulations! You won the contest.	Felicitări! Ai câștigat concursul.
I'm glad you came!	Mă bucur că ai venit!
the fir tree, the Christmas tree	bradul
We put the presents under the tree.	Punem cadourile sub brad.
We are buying a big Christmas tree.	Cumpărăm un brad mare de Crăciun.
The tree in the living room is very beautiful.	Bradul din sufragerie este foarte frumos.
the birthday	ziua de naștere
When is your birthday?	Când este ziua ta de naștere?
Tomorrow is my birthday.	Mâine este ziua mea de naștere.
I am buying him a present for his birthday.	Îi cumpăr un cadou pentru ziua de naștere.
the greeting card / the congratulations	felicitarea
I received a beautiful Christmas card.	Am primit o felicitare frumoasă de Crăciun.
I am writing a card to grandma.	Îi scriu o felicitare bunicii.
to congratulate	felicita
I congratulate you!	Te felicit!
All my colleagues congratulated me.	Toți colegii m-au felicitat.
The teacher congratulates the student on the exam.	Profesorul o felicită pe studentă pentru examen.
to wish (someone something)	ura
I wish you a happy birthday!	Îți urez la mulți ani!
I wish you all success in the exam!	Vă urez succes la examen!
I wish my friend a beautiful day.	Îi urez prietenei mele o zi frumoasă.

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