Learn Portuguese (Portugal): Ela quer aquele ursinho e a bonequinha. - She wants that little bear and the little doll.

In Portuguese, the letter c sounds like an 's' when followed by an i or an e. If we just added -inha to make bonecinha, the pronunciation would change completely. To keep the hard 'k' sound from boneca, we must change the c to qu before adding the suffix.

How exactly do you form ursinho from the base word?

The standard word for bear is urso. To make a noun diminutive, you typically drop the final vowel (the -o in this case) and add the suffix -inho for masculine words or -inha for feminine words. So, urso becomes ursinho.

Why does this sentence use aquele instead of esse for 'that'?

Both words mean 'that', but they give different clues about location! You use esse when the object is physically close to the person you are talking to. You use aquele when the object is far away from both you and the listener. Here, she is likely pointing to a bear out of reach.

What is the dictionary form of the verb quer?

The infinitive verb is querer (to want). It is a very common but irregular verb. Quer is the present tense form used for ele, ela, and você.