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Portuguese (Portugal)

To talk about doing something despite an obstacle, we use a concessive clause. In Portuguese, "even if" is translated as **mesmo que**.

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Because **mesmo que** presents a hypothetical, unlikely, or unconfirmed scenario, the following verb must be in the **subjunctive mood**.

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### Clause Order

The **mesmo que** clause can appear in the middle of the sentence or right at the beginning. When it starts the sentence, use a comma to separate the two halves.

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### In the Past

If the hypothetical situation is framed in the past, **mesmo que** requires the imperfect subjunctive instead of the present subjunctive.

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Concessive clauses (mesmo que)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

The verb to have (tenho, tem)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Question	Answer
even if	mesmo que
the demonstration	a manifestação
peaceful (non-violent)	pacífico
to arrest	prender
the protester	o manifestante
Even if the demonstration is peaceful, the police arrest the protesters.	Mesmo que a manifestação seja pacífica, a polícia prende os manifestantes.
to protest	protestar
Any person can protest, even if they are afraid.	Qualquer pessoa pode protestar, mesmo que tenha medo.
the petition	a petição
The protester signs the petition, even if the government ignores him.	O manifestante assina a petição, mesmo que o governo o ignore.
to march	marchar
We will march today, even if it rains.	Nós vamos marchar hoje, mesmo que chova.
the leader	o líder
the injustice	a injustiça
The leader fights the injustice, even if he does not have support.	O líder combate a injustiça, mesmo que não tenha apoio.
No one accepts the injustice, even if it is the law.	Ninguém aceita a injustiça, mesmo que seja a lei.
Every protester wants the demonstration to be peaceful.	Cada manifestante quer que a manifestação seja pacífica.
Even if the police arrest the leader, we will protest.	Mesmo que a polícia prenda o líder, nós protestamos.
They march against the injustice, even if they are tired.	Eles marcham contra a injustiça, mesmo que estejam cansados.
I will not sign the petition, even if you ask me.	Eu não assino a petição, mesmo que tu me peças.
Even if the protester has to flee, he does not stay quiet.	Mesmo que o manifestante tenha de fugir, ele não se cala.
We demand freedom, even if the government forbids the demonstration.	Nós exigimos liberdade, mesmo que o governo proíba a manifestação.
If the demonstration were peaceful, the police would not arrest anyone.	Se a manifestação fosse pacífica, a polícia não prendia ninguém.
I have just signed the petition.	Acabo de assinar a petição.
Even if the leader marched, nothing would change.	Mesmo que o líder marchasse, nada mudava.
We will protest against the government!	Nós havemos de protestar contra o governo!
The leader starts to demand justice.	O líder passa a exigir justiça.