Breakdown of Ta część jest uszkodzona, więc musimy ją naprawić.
być
to be
ona
she / it (f)
ta
this (f)
musieć
to have to
Questions & Answers about Ta część jest uszkodzona, więc musimy ją naprawić.
How is the participle uszkodzona formed in this sentence?
It comes from the perfective verb uszkodzić (to damage). For many verbs ending in -ić or -yć, the passive adjectival participle is formed by swapping the infinitive ending for the suffix -ony. Because it describes the feminine noun część, it takes the feminine ending -a, giving us uszkodzona.
Why do we use the feminine forms Ta and uszkodzona when część ends in a consonant?
Why is the word for "it" translated as ją here?
Ją is the accusative (direct object) form of ona (she/it). Because "it" refers back to the feminine noun część, we must use the feminine pronoun to represent the object we are repairing.
Why use the perfective verb naprawić instead of the imperfective naprawiać?
Naprawić focuses on the result and completion of the action—getting the part fully fixed. If you used the imperfective naprawiać, it would just mean you have to spend time working on it, without necessarily implying that the job will be completely finished.