Breakdown of Projekt, na którym muszę się skoncentrować, jest bardzo pilny.
być
to be
bardzo
very
na
on, at / to (motion toward) / for (a meal) / for (waiting for)
projekt
project
musieć
to have to
który
which, who (relative)
pilny
urgent
skoncentrować się
to concentrate
Questions & Answers about Projekt, na którym muszę się skoncentrować, jest bardzo pilny.
Why is it na którym instead of just który?
The verb skoncentrować się (to concentrate) requires the preposition na followed by the Locative case. Because the relative pronoun refers back to projekt (masculine inanimate), it takes the masculine Locative form którym. In Polish, you cannot leave the preposition at the end of the sentence like in English; it must directly precede the relative pronoun at the start of the clause.
Why is the reflexive pronoun się placed before skoncentrować rather than after it?
In Polish, się heavily avoids being the very last word in a clause or sentence. Since skoncentrować is the final word in this relative clause, się naturally shifts earlier. Tucking it between the modal verb muszę and the infinitive is the most standard and natural position here.
I learned that pilny means 'diligent' or 'hardworking'. Does it mean something else in this context?
Yes! While pilny means 'diligent' or 'studious' when describing a person (like a student), it means 'urgent' or 'pressing' when describing a task, situation, or message (like a project).
Why are there commas around na którym muszę się skoncentrować? We wouldn't use them in English for this sentence.
Polish punctuation rules are stricter than English ones regarding relative clauses. Every clause introduced by a relative pronoun like który must be separated by commas, even if it is essential to identifying the noun (a restrictive clause). You can never drop the comma before który or its declined forms.
Learn Projekt, na którym muszę się skoncentrować, jest bardzo pilny and more in Polish
All course content and exercises are completely free — no paywalls, no trial periods, no signup needed.
- ✓ Practice with interactive exercises
- ✓ Track your progress with spaced repetition
- ✓Learn at your own pace — completely free