La pizza de verduras está muy buena, pero mi hermana prefiere la de jamón.

In Spanish, estar is often used for how food tastes/seems at the moment.

So La pizza está muy buena means something like:

• The pizza tastes really good
• The pizza is really good (in this situation, as food)

If you said es muy buena, it could sound more like you are describing the pizza as generally good in quality, not specifically how it tastes right now.

With food, Spanish very often uses:

• Está bueno / está buena = it tastes good

So this is a very natural choice.

Because buena agrees with la pizza, and pizza is feminine.

In Spanish, adjectives usually match the noun in gender and number:

• el libro bueno
• la pizza buena

Here:

• pizza = feminine singular
• so the adjective must also be feminine singular: buena

That is why you get La pizza ... está muy buena.

Literally, muy buena means very good.

But with food, estar bueno/a often means:

• to be tasty
• to taste good

So in this sentence, está muy buena is best understood as:

• is very good
• tastes really good

Both are fine in English, depending on how natural you want to sound.

Yes, literally de verduras means of vegetables, but in Spanish this structure is very common for talking about the type or flavour/topping of a food.

So:

• pizza de verduras = vegetable pizza
• bocadillo de jamón = ham sandwich
• sopa de tomate = tomato soup

English often uses a noun before another noun (vegetable pizza), but Spanish usually prefers de:

• pizza de verduras
• not usually pizza verduras

Yes, you could, but it is not exactly the same.

• pizza de verduras = a vegetable pizza, a recognized type of pizza
• pizza con verduras = a pizza with vegetables on it

So de often sounds more like the name/category of the dish, while con focuses more on the ingredients it has.

In this sentence, de verduras sounds more natural because it is talking about one type of pizza versus another type.

Because Spanish often leaves out a noun when it is already obvious from context.

The full phrase would be:

• mi hermana prefiere la pizza de jamón

But since pizza has just been mentioned, Spanish naturally shortens it to:

• mi hermana prefiere la de jamón

That la stands for la pizza.

This is very common in Spanish. For example:

• Me gusta la camisa azul, pero prefiero la roja. = I like the blue shirt, but I prefer the red one.

So la de jamón means the ham one or the ham pizza.

Because de jamón by itself is not enough here. Spanish needs an article or noun to support it.

• la de jamón = the one with ham / the ham one

The la replaces the feminine noun pizza.

So the structure is basically:

• la [pizza] de jamón

with pizza omitted because it is already understood.

If the noun were masculine, you would use el instead:

• el de chocolate = the chocolate one

Prefiere comes from the verb preferir, which means to prefer.

This verb is irregular in the present tense because the e in the stem changes to ie in most forms.

Present tense of preferir:

• yo prefiero
• tú prefieres
• él/ella/usted prefiere
• nosotros preferimos
• vosotros preferís
• ellos/ellas/ustedes prefieren

So:

• mi hermana prefiere = my sister prefers

Because in modern standard Spanish, possessives like mi, tu, su, nuestro normally go directly before the noun without an article.

So you say:

• mi hermana = my sister
• mi casa = my house

Not:

• la mi hermana ❌

Older or regional varieties may sometimes use articles differently, but for normal modern Spanish, mi hermana is the correct form.

Pero means but.

It connects two contrasting ideas:

• La pizza de verduras está muy buena
• pero mi hermana prefiere la de jamón

So the contrast is:

• the vegetable pizza is very good,
• but my sister prefers the ham one.

It works just like but in English.

That depends on how Spanish commonly talks about those ingredients.

• verduras is often used in the plural to mean vegetables in general
• jamón is usually treated as an uncountable ingredient, so singular is normal

So:

• pizza de verduras = vegetable pizza
• pizza de jamón = ham pizza

This is just the most natural way these ingredients are usually named in Spanish.

Not exactly.

In Spain, verduras is the more natural everyday word when talking about vegetables as food, especially in cooking.

• pizza de verduras
• sopa de verduras

Vegetales exists, but it can sound more technical, scientific, or less idiomatic in some food contexts.

So for this sentence, verduras is the most natural choice in Spain.

Yes, absolutely.

Both are good translations depending on the tone:

• the ham one
• the one with ham
• the ham pizza

All of these reflect la de jamón well.

The important point is that Spanish is using la to avoid repeating pizza.

A very literal breakdown would be:

• La pizza de verduras = the vegetable pizza
• está muy buena = is very good / tastes very good
• pero = but
• mi hermana = my sister
• prefiere = prefers
• la de jamón = the ham one / the one with ham

So a near-literal version would be:

The vegetable pizza is very good, but my sister prefers the ham one.

That is also a natural English translation, so the Spanish word order is fairly close to English here.