Spanish very often expresses this kind of relationship with de:
English often uses a noun before another noun (door hinge), but Spanish usually prefers noun + de + noun.
Hacer ruido is a very common Spanish expression meaning to make noise or to be noisy.
So:
Spanish often uses this broader expression instead of a more specific sound verb. You could sometimes use a more specific verb in other contexts, but hacer ruido is the normal, everyday phrasing.
Because this sentence describes something that happens regularly or generally:
This is a habitual statement, so the present tense is normal.
A useful contrast:
So here, abro is used because the speaker means this happens as a repeated fact.
Because la puerta is the direct object of abrir.
You open something, so the thing opened is the direct object:
That is why Spanish uses the direct object pronoun la.
Very simply:
In standard grammar, abrir takes a direct object here, so la is the expected form.
Because Spanish often leaves out subject pronouns when the verb ending already shows who is doing the action.
So cuando la abro already clearly means when I open it. Adding yo is possible, but usually unnecessary unless you want emphasis or contrast:
Each la is doing a different job:
So even though they look the same, they are not all the same kind of word.
Yes, Spanish word order is fairly flexible.
For example, these are all possible:
The original version is very natural. Changing the order usually changes emphasis rather than basic meaning.
In most of Spain, hace is pronounced roughly AH-theh, because c before e or i is pronounced like the th in think.
So:
In Latin America, hace is usually pronounced with an s sound instead, but since you asked about Spain, the th sound is the one to expect in most peninsular accents.
Not always word-for-word. Depending on context, it can mean:
In this sentence, the idea is probably habitual: the hinge makes noise every time the speaker opens the door. So in natural English, whenever I open it may capture the sense especially well, even though Spanish still uses cuando.