La cabina insonorizada permite enmascarar un sonido.

In Spanish, the definite article is used more often than in English. La cabina means the booth / the cabin.

In a standalone sentence like this, Spanish often includes the article when referring to a specific thing or to the thing being discussed in context. Leaving it out would usually sound incomplete unless you were using it in a very specific style, like a label or headline.

Also, cabina is a feminine singular noun, so it takes la.

• la cabina = the booth
• una cabina = a booth

In Spanish, adjectives usually come after the noun, unlike in English.

So:

• la cabina insonorizada = the soundproof booth

This is the most normal word order. Putting the adjective before the noun is possible in some cases in Spanish, but it usually changes the tone or emphasis, and with a technical/descriptive adjective like insonorizada, post-noun position is the standard choice.

Insonorizada is an adjective meaning soundproofed or sound-insulated.

It comes from the verb insonorizar, which means to soundproof. The form insonorizada is the past participle, but here it is being used as a normal adjective to describe cabina.

It agrees with cabina in gender and number:

• cabina insonorizada = feminine singular
• cuarto insonorizado = masculine singular
• cabinas insonorizadas = feminine plural

So the ending -ada is there because cabina is feminine singular.

Because permitir can be followed directly by an infinitive when the subject of both actions is general or understood from context.

So:

• permite enmascarar un sonido = it allows masking a sound / it makes it possible to mask a sound

There is no preposition needed before enmascarar here.

You may see permitir + infinitive very often:

• Este programa permite editar fotos.
• La aplicación permite guardar archivos.

However, when you say allow someone to do something, Spanish often uses an indirect object:

• La ley permite a los ciudadanos votar desde el extranjero.

So in your sentence, since no person is mentioned, permite + infinitive is the natural structure.

Because after permite, Spanish commonly uses an infinitive to express the action that is allowed or made possible.

Structure:

• permitir + infinitive

So:

• permite enmascarar = allows [someone] to mask

This is very similar to English structures like:

• allows you to work
• permits us to enter

Spanish just uses the infinitive directly here.

Yes. Enmascarar literally means to mask, and it can be used both literally and figuratively.

In a technical or acoustic context, enmascarar un sonido means something like:

• to mask a sound
• to cover up a sound
• to make a sound less noticeable by another sound

So although mask may sound slightly technical in English, it is a very natural equivalent here.

Also, don’t confuse it with mascar (to chew) or máscara (mask as a noun), though they are related in form.

Un sonido means a sound. Spanish often uses the indefinite article when referring to one example of something countable.

So:

• enmascarar un sonido = to mask a sound

If you said just enmascarar sonido, that would generally sound unnatural in standard Spanish in this context.

Compare:

• escuchar música = to listen to music
  (música is usually treated as an uncountable noun here)

but

• escuchar un sonido = to hear a sound
  (sonido is countable here)

Not always. Cabina is a broad word and can mean different small enclosed spaces depending on context, for example:

• a phone booth
• a recording booth
• a control booth
• a cabin in certain contexts

In this sentence, because of insonorizada, it strongly suggests a soundproof booth, such as one used for testing hearing, recording, or acoustic work.

So cabina is correct, but the exact English translation depends on the situation.

The subject is la cabina insonorizada.

So the structure is:

• La cabina insonorizada = subject
• permite = verb
• enmascarar un sonido = infinitive phrase functioning as the complement

The verb is in the third person singular because the subject is singular:

• la cabina ... permite

If the subject were plural, the verb would change:

• Las cabinas insonorizadas permiten enmascarar un sonido.

Yes, but it means something slightly different.

• permite enmascarar un sonido = allows/makes it possible to mask a sound
• puede enmascarar un sonido = can/is able to mask a sound

Permite focuses more on function or possibility enabled by the booth.
Puede focuses more on ability.

In technical descriptions, permite often sounds more natural when explaining what a device, system, or space is designed to do.

A rough pronunciation is:

• en-mas-ka-RAR

The stress falls on the last syllable because it ends in -r and is an infinitive:

• enmascarar

A more detailed breakdown:

• en = like en in English, but shorter
• mas = like mahs
• ca = ka
• rar = a tapped/flapped r sound before the final r

In Spain, the c in ca is a normal k sound, because it comes before a.