Vamos a vacunar, esterilizar y desparasitar.

It uses the very common Spanish pattern ir + a + infinitive, which means to be going to + verb.

So:

• vamos = we go / we are going
• a = part of the future expression
• vacunar, esterilizar, desparasitar = infinitives, like to vaccinate, to sterilize/spay-neuter, to deworm

So the structure is:

• vamos a vacunar
• vamos a esterilizar
• vamos a desparasitar

Spanish avoids repeating vamos a, so only the first one is stated.

Because vamos a + infinitive is a fixed future construction in Spanish.

Here, a does not mean to in the same way it does in English by itself. It is simply part of the pattern:

• voy a comer = I’m going to eat
• vamos a ayudar = we’re going to help
• van a salir = they’re going to leave

So in this sentence, a is required after vamos.

Because after vamos a, Spanish uses the infinitive form of the verb.

That is the normal rule:

• vamos a comer
• vamos a estudiar
• vamos a trabajar

So here:

• vacunar = to vaccinate
• esterilizar = to sterilize / spay-neuter
• desparasitar = to deworm / remove parasites from

They stay in the infinitive because vamos is the verb that is conjugated.

Because Spanish usually leaves out subject pronouns when the verb already makes the subject clear.

• vamos already tells you the subject is we
• so nosotros vamos a... is possible, but often unnecessary

Spanish commonly says:

• Vamos a salir
• Vamos a empezar
• Vamos a vacunar...

Adding nosotros would usually only be for emphasis, contrast, or clarity.

Yes, it expresses future meaning, but it is a different way of saying it.

This sentence uses the near future / periphrastic future:

• Vamos a vacunar, esterilizar y desparasitar.

A more formal or written alternative would be:

• Vacunaremos, esterilizaremos y desparasitaremos.

In everyday spoken Spanish in Latin America, ir a + infinitive is extremely common and often sounds more natural in conversation.

In this context, esterilizar usually means to spay or neuter an animal.

Literally, esterilizar means to sterilize, but in veterinary or animal-care contexts in Latin America, it is very commonly used for reproductive sterilization.

So if the context is pets or animals, esterilizar is often the standard, neutral word for:

• spaying females
• neutering males

You may also hear castrar, but esterilizar often sounds more neutral, official, or appropriate in campaigns and public announcements.

Desparasitar means to remove parasites from someone or something.

In many real-life contexts, especially with pets, it is often translated as:

• to deworm
• to treat for parasites

It can refer to internal parasites, external parasites, or both, depending on context. So deworm is often a good translation, but treat for parasites is broader and sometimes more exact.

Because the object can be omitted when it is already understood from context.

For example, at a veterinary campaign, everyone may already know the sentence refers to pets or animals. So Spanish can simply say:

• Vamos a vacunar, esterilizar y desparasitar.

If you wanted to make the object explicit, you could say something like:

• Vamos a vacunar, esterilizar y desparasitar a las mascotas.
• Vamos a vacunar, esterilizar y desparasitar a los perros y gatos.

Leaving the object out makes the sentence shorter and more natural when the context is clear.

Because standard Spanish normally does not use a comma before y in a simple list.

So this is the normal punctuation:

• vacunar, esterilizar y desparasitar

That matches standard Spanish style. In English, some people use the Oxford comma, but in Spanish that kind of comma is usually not used.

Yes, vacunar means to vaccinate.

It is used for both people and animals, depending on context:

• vacunar a un niño = to vaccinate a child
• vacunar a un perro = to vaccinate a dog

In this sentence, the meaning depends on the situation, but if esterilizar and desparasitar appear too, it strongly suggests an animal-care context.

Yes, very much.

In Latin American Spanish, this kind of wording is common in announcements by:

• veterinarians
• animal shelters
• municipal animal-control programs
• community pet-care campaigns

Because of the sequence of verbs, it sounds like a planned service or organized action:

• We’re going to vaccinate, spay/neuter, and deworm.

So it feels practical, direct, and action-oriented.