El perdedor juega otra vez.

El means the. In el perdedor, it is the masculine singular definite article used with a singular masculine noun.

• el perdedor = the loser
• la perdedora = the female loser

Spanish usually requires an article in places where English might also use one, so el perdedor is the normal way to say the loser.

Perdedor means loser. It comes from the verb perder, which means to lose.

The ending -dor often makes a noun meaning a person who does an action:

• ganar = to win → ganador = winner
• perder = to lose → perdedor = loser

So perdedor is literally something like the one who loses.

Jugar is the infinitive, meaning to play.
In the sentence, the verb needs to be conjugated to match the subject el perdedor.

Present tense of jugar for él/ella/usted is juega:

• yo juego
• tú juegas
• él/ella/usted juega
• nosotros jugamos
• ustedes juegan

Since el perdedor is a third-person singular subject, the correct form is juega.

This is a stem-changing verb. In the present tense, jugar changes its stem from u to ue in most forms:

• yo juego
• tú juegas
• él/ella juega
• nosotros jugamos
• ustedes juegan

Notice that nosotros does not change.

This is a common pattern in Spanish. So juega is not random—it follows the normal stem-change pattern of jugar.

Otra vez means again or one more time.

So:

• juega otra vez = plays again

It is a very common expression in everyday Spanish.

You can often think of it literally as:

• otra = another
• vez = time/occasion

So otra vez is literally another time.

Yes. De nuevo also means again.

So these are both natural:

• El perdedor juega otra vez.
• El perdedor juega de nuevo.

In most everyday situations, they mean basically the same thing.
Otra vez is often especially common in conversation.

In otra vez, the word otra agrees with vez, and vez is a feminine noun.

• la vez = the time/occasion
• otra vez = another time

So even though the whole expression means again, grammatically otra is feminine because it is modifying vez.

Juega otra vez is the most neutral and common order here.

Spanish word order is flexible, though, so Otra vez juega el perdedor could be possible in a special context, but it sounds more marked or emphasizes again.

The basic structure in your sentence is:

• El perdedor = subject
• juega = verb
• otra vez = adverbial expression

So it follows a very standard pattern.

Yes, it is in the present tense: juega = plays.

Depending on context, Spanish present tense can sometimes translate in different ways:

• The loser plays again.
• The loser is playing again.

Without more context, The loser plays again is the most direct translation, but Spanish present tense is often a little broader than English simple present.

A simple Latin American-style pronunciation guide:

• El → like el
• perdedor → pehr-deh-DOR
• juega → HWEH-gah
• otra → OH-trah
• vez → bes or ves, depending on accent

A rough full pronunciation:

el pehr-deh-DOR HWEH-gah OH-trah bes

A few notes:

• j in juega is a strong breathy sound, like an English h but rougher.
• ue in juega sounds like weh with a glide: hweh.
• In most of Latin America, z in vez sounds like s.

You would make the noun and article feminine:

• La perdedora juega otra vez.

Changes:

• el → la
• perdedor → perdedora

The verb juega stays the same because it still matches a third-person singular subject.

Yes, it can. Perdedor literally means loser, so depending on context it may sound neutral, playful, or insulting.

For example:

• In a game-rule context, El perdedor juega otra vez may just describe what happens to the person who lost.
• In a personal context, calling someone un perdedor can sound rude.

So the tone depends a lot on the situation.