Я поставлю вазу в центр стола, а рамку перевяжу лентой с маленьким бантиком.

Because both verbs are perfective:

• поставить → поставлю
• перевязать → перевяжу

In Russian, a perfective verb can form the simple future by itself, without a separate word like will.

So:

• Я поставлю = I will place / I’ll put
• Я перевяжу = I will tie / wrap

This usually suggests a single completed action in the future.

If the speaker wanted to emphasize process or repeated action, Russian would normally use the imperfective future:

• буду ставить
• буду перевязывать

Those would sound different in meaning.

Because вазу is the accusative singular of ваза.

Here, вазу is the direct object of поставлю:

• поставлю что? → вазу

Since ваза is a feminine noun ending in -а, its accusative singular changes to -у:

• nominative: ваза
• accusative: вазу

This is very common with feminine nouns of this type.

For the same reason as вазу.

Рамку is the accusative singular of рамка, because it is the direct object of перевяжу:

• перевяжу что? → рамку

Pattern:

• nominative: рамка
• accusative: рамку

So both вазу and рамку are feminine singular direct objects.

This is a very important Russian distinction:

• в центр = into the center / to the center → movement toward a destination
• в центре = in the center → location

Here the vase is being moved and placed somewhere, so Russian uses the form that expresses direction toward a place:

• поставлю вазу в центр стола = place the vase into/to the center of the table

If you said ваза стоит в центре стола, that would describe where it already is.

So the contrast is:

• куда? where to? → в центр
• где? where? → в центре

Because центр often takes a noun in the genitive to show the center of what.

So:

• центр стола = the center of the table
• literally: center of table

This is a normal Russian pattern:

• край стола = the edge of the table
• середина комнаты = the middle of the room
• начало фильма = the beginning of the film

So стола answers the idea center of what?

Because it expresses the means or instrument used to do the action.

• перевяжу лентой = I’ll tie/wrap it with a ribbon

Russian often uses the instrumental case without a preposition for the thing used to perform an action.

Compare:

• писать ручкой = write with a pen
• резать ножом = cut with a knife
• украсить цветами = decorate with flowers

So лентой means using a ribbon.

Because the preposition с meaning with usually requires the instrumental case.

So:

• с бантиком = with a bow
• с маленьким бантиком = with a small bow

This phrase describes лентой:

• лентой с маленьким бантиком = a ribbon with a small bow

The adjective has to agree with the noun:

• маленьким matches бантиком
• both are instrumental singular masculine

So the grammar is:

• с
  • instrumental
• бантик → бантиком
• маленький → маленьким

Yes, перевязать can mean different things depending on context.

Common meanings include:

• to bandage
• to tie around
• to wrap or bind with something

Here, because of лентой с маленьким бантиком, the decorative meaning is clear:

• перевяжу рамку лентой = I’ll tie/wrap the frame with a ribbon

So it is not about medical bandaging here. The ribbon makes the intended meaning obvious.

Both can connect two actions, but they are not exactly the same.

• и = simple and
• а = and / while / whereas / as for, often with a slight contrast or topic shift

In this sentence, а separates two different planned actions:

• I’ll do one thing with the vase,
• and another thing with the frame.

There is no strong contradiction, but а makes the sentence feel like a natural contrast between two parallel actions.

Very roughly:

• Я поставлю вазу..., и рамку перевяжу... = just adding another action
• Я поставлю вазу..., а рамку перевяжу... = one thing for the vase, another for the frame

Russian uses а very often in this kind of side-by-side comparison.

Because the subject is still the same, and Russian often omits repeated words when they are obvious.

So:

• Я поставлю вазу..., а рамку перевяжу...

naturally means:

• I’ll place the vase..., and I’ll tie the frame...

You could repeat я:

• Я поставлю вазу в центр стола, а я рамку перевяжу лентой...

But that would usually add emphasis or sound less neutral. In normal speech, leaving the second я out is more natural.

No, Russian word order is fairly flexible, but different orders change the focus or emphasis.

This version is natural and neutral:

• Я поставлю вазу в центр стола, а рамку перевяжу лентой с маленьким бантиком.

But other versions are possible, for example:

• Я поставлю в центр стола вазу, а рамку перевяжу лентой...
• Я рамку перевяжу лентой..., а вазу поставлю в центр стола.

The basic relationships are shown mainly by case endings, not just by word order.

So the order here is chosen for style and emphasis, not because it is the only grammatical option.

Because Russian has no articles like English a/an/the.

So Russian simply says:

• в центр стола
• рамку
• лентой

Whether something is understood as a or the depends on context.

In this sentence, English naturally uses the in translation because the objects are understood as specific:

• the vase
• the center of the table
• the frame
• the ribbon

But Russian does not need a separate word for that.

Бантик is a diminutive form of бант.

Very roughly:

• бант = bow
• бантик = little bow / small decorative bow

In this sentence, бантик sounds natural because we are talking about a ribbon decoration. It can suggest something small, neat, or decorative.

Since the sentence already has маленьким, the idea of smallness is even clearer:

• с маленьким бантиком

This does not always need to sound childish; in Russian, diminutives are often used naturally for everyday objects, especially when something is literally small or decorative.