Depois da discussão, nós falamos com calma um com o outro.

Because de + a normally contracts to da in Portuguese.

So:

• depois de a discussão → depois da discussão

This kind of contraction is very common:

• de + o = do
• de + a = da
• de + os = dos
• de + as = das

So depois da discussão is the natural, correct form.

It can mean either, depending on context.

In Portuguese, discussão may mean:

• a discussion in a neutral sense
• an argument or heated disagreement

In this sentence, because it says depois da discussão and then falamos com calma, it strongly suggests there was some tension first, so English learners often understand it as something closer to argument or disagreement.

Not usually. Portuguese often drops subject pronouns when the verb already makes the subject clear.

So these are both possible:

• Depois da discussão, nós falamos/falámos com calma um com o outro.
• Depois da discussão, falamos/falámos com calma um com o outro.

Including nós can:

• add emphasis
• make the subject extra clear
• create contrast, as in we spoke calmly, not other people

In everyday Portuguese, especially when the meaning is already clear, omitting nós is very common.

By itself, falamos can be confusing for English speakers because the form may look like it could be either we speak or we spoke.

In this sentence, the time expression depois da discussão pushes the meaning toward the past: after the discussion, we spoke calmly.

However, for European Portuguese, there is an important spelling point: the simple past is normally written falámos, not falamos. So in Portugal, learners would usually expect:

• Depois da discussão, nós falámos com calma um com o outro.

So the context gives you the past meaning, but the standard Portugal spelling normally makes that even clearer.

Yes — in standard European Portuguese, the usual simple past form is falámos.

So for Portugal, the sentence would normally be written:

• Depois da discussão, nós falámos com calma um com o outro.

This helps distinguish it from the present:

• falamos = we speak
• falámos = we spoke

If you see falamos used for the past, that may reflect:

• Brazilian usage or spelling habits
• a simplified learning example
• missing accent marks

But if you are learning Portuguese from Portugal, falámos is the form to learn for the past.

Com calma literally means with calm, but in natural English it usually means things like:

• calmly
• in a calm way
• without rushing
• without getting emotional

In this sentence, it means they spoke in a peaceful, controlled way after the disagreement.

It is a very common everyday expression in Portuguese. You will hear it in many situations, for example:

• Fala com calma. = Speak calmly.
• Vamos com calma. = Let's take it easy / let's not rush.

This is a reciprocal expression meaning with each other or with one another.

The important point is that it matches the preposition used with the verb:

• falar com alguém = to speak with someone

So if the two people spoke with each other, Portuguese naturally says:

• um com o outro

This pattern changes depending on the preposition required by the verb. For example:

• falar com → um com o outro
• dar algo a → um ao outro

So here um com o outro is the right choice because falar goes with com.

Yes. Calmamente is grammatically correct.

So you could say:

• Depois da discussão, falámos calmamente um com o outro.

But com calma is often more natural and more common in everyday speech.

Very roughly:

• com calma = more conversational, very frequent
• calmamente = perfectly correct, but can sound a little more formal or literary depending on context

Both work, but com calma is a very natural choice.

Because depois da discussão is an introductory time expression.

The comma helps separate that opening part from the main clause:

• Depois da discussão, nós falámos com calma um com o outro.

This is very natural in writing. In shorter sentences, Portuguese punctuation can sometimes be flexible, so you may also see sentences without the comma. But with an opening time phrase like this, the comma is common and helpful.

If both people are women, you would normally say:

• uma com a outra

If both are men, or if the gender is mixed or unspecified, Portuguese normally uses the masculine form:

• um com o outro

So:

• two women: uma com a outra
• mixed pair or unspecified: um com o outro

This is standard grammatical agreement.

The word order is not completely fixed, but some versions sound more natural than others.

The original order is very natural:

• Depois da discussão, nós falámos com calma um com o outro.

You may also hear or read:

• Depois da discussão, nós falámos um com o outro com calma.
• Depois da discussão, nós falámos calmamente um com o outro.

The first version usually sounds best because:

• com calma naturally modifies falámos
• um com o outro stays together as a set expression

So the sentence is flexible, but the original order is smooth and idiomatic.