Este vaso tem boa drenagem.

Both can be possible in Brazilian Portuguese, but they suggest slightly different things.

• este often points to something closer to the speaker or something being talked about right here
• esse often points to something closer to the listener or something already mentioned

In everyday Brazilian Portuguese, many speakers use esse very often, even where a textbook might prefer este. So:

• Este vaso tem boa drenagem.
• Esse vaso tem boa drenagem.

Both sound natural in many situations. Este can sound a little more formal or more precise.

Here, vaso means a plant pot or flowerpot.

The word vaso can also mean vase in some contexts, and in Brazilian Portuguese it can even mean toilet bowl in expressions like vaso sanitário. So the exact meaning depends on context.

Because the sentence mentions drenagem, a learner can tell this is about a plant pot.

Because drenagem is a feminine noun in Portuguese.

Adjectives usually agree with the noun they describe in gender and number:

• boa drenagem = feminine singular
• bom sistema = masculine singular
• boas condições = feminine plural
• bons vasos = masculine plural

So boa matches drenagem.

Yes. The noun drenagem is feminine, so you say:

• a drenagem
• boa drenagem
• a drenagem do vaso

A useful habit in Portuguese is to learn nouns together with their article:

• a drenagem
• o vaso

That helps you remember gender more easily.

In Portuguese, it is very common to leave out the indefinite article when speaking generally about a quality or characteristic.

So:

• Este vaso tem boa drenagem. = This pot has good drainage.
• Este vaso tem uma boa drenagem. = This pot has good drainage / a good drainage system or quality

Both are possible, but without uma, the sentence sounds more natural and general when describing a feature.

Tem is the third-person singular form of the verb ter, which usually means to have.

So:

• eu tenho = I have
• você tem = you have
• ele/ela tem = he/she has
• este vaso tem = this pot has

The subject is este vaso, which is singular, so tem is the correct form.

Yes, but it sounds more formal.

• Este vaso tem boa drenagem. = the most normal, everyday way
• Este vaso possui boa drenagem. = more formal, technical, or written

In normal conversation, tem is much more common.

The word order is very standard:

• Este vaso = subject
• tem = verb
• boa drenagem = object/complement

So it follows the same basic pattern as English:

• This pot / has / good drainage

Portuguese often uses this straightforward subject + verb + complement order.

A natural approximate pronunciation is:

ES-che VA-zo tein BO-a dre-na-ZHEM

A few details:

• este in Brazil often sounds like ES-che
• vaso has a z sound in the middle: VA-zo
• tem is nasal; it is not exactly like English tem
• drenagem ends with -gem, which in Brazilian Portuguese sounds like zhem with a soft zh sound, like the s in measure

The stress is usually:

• ES-te
• VA-so
• tem
• BO-a
• dre-na-GEM

Yes, very common, especially in gardening, plant care, and product descriptions.

You might also see:

• solo com boa drenagem = soil with good drainage
• vaso com boa drenagem = pot with good drainage
• precisa de boa drenagem = needs good drainage

It is a normal and useful expression.

It is understandable, but it is less natural than boa drenagem.

In Portuguese, short, common adjectives often sound better before the noun in expressions like this:

• boa drenagem
• bom acabamento
• boa qualidade

So the most natural version is:

• Este vaso tem boa drenagem.

Using drenagem boa is possible in some contexts, but it is not the usual phrasing here.

You would change all the words that need to agree:

• Estes vasos têm boa drenagem. = These pots have good drainage.

Changes:

• este → estes
• vaso → vasos
• tem → têm

Notice that boa drenagem stays singular here because you are talking about the quality of drainage in general, not counting separate drainages.

Then you would use the definite article:

• O vaso tem boa drenagem. = The pot has good drainage.

So:

• este vaso = this pot
• esse vaso = that pot / that pot near you / that pot we mentioned
• o vaso = the pot

The choice depends on whether you want to point to something or just identify it.

Grammatically, yes. But in real context, boa drenagem strongly suggests a container for plants, not a decorative vase.

A decorative flower vase for cut flowers usually would not be described in terms of drainage. So most listeners would understand vaso here as a plant pot.

Yes, it sounds completely natural, especially in gardening, online shopping, product descriptions, or plant-care advice.

For example, a seller might write:

• Este vaso tem boa drenagem e é ideal para suculentas.

So the sentence is short, correct, and idiomatic in Brazilian Portuguese.