Na segunda folha, há uma frase sem vírgula e outra sem acento.

Na is the contraction of em + a.

• em = in, on, at
• a = the feminine singular definite article

So:

• na segunda folha = on the second sheet/page

You usually need the article here in Portuguese, so em segunda folha would sound incomplete or unnatural in this sentence.

Also, segunda is feminine because it describes folha, which is a feminine noun.

It can mean either, depending on context.

• folha often means a sheet of paper
• it can also refer to a page, especially in some practical contexts

If you want to be more specifically page, Portuguese often uses página. But folha is very natural if the speaker is thinking about a physical sheet of paper.

Because it matches folha, which is a feminine noun.

In Portuguese, adjectives and ordinal numbers usually agree with the noun in gender and number.

So:

• o segundo livro = the second book
• a segunda folha = the second sheet/page

Here, segunda is the feminine singular form of segundo.

Há is from the verb haver, and in this kind of sentence it means there is or there are.

So:

• há uma frase = there is a sentence / there’s a sentence

This use of haver is very common in written Portuguese and more formal language.

A very important point: in this existential meaning, há does not change for singular or plural.

• há uma frase = there is one sentence
• há duas frases = there are two sentences

Even with a plural noun, it stays há.

Yes, in spoken Brazilian Portuguese, very often.

Many Brazilians would naturally say:

• Na segunda folha, tem uma frase sem vírgula e outra sem acento.

That is very common in conversation.

But há is still important because:

• it is standard and widely taught
• it appears often in writing
• it sounds a bit more formal or careful

So for learners, it’s good to know both:

• há = standard/formal/written
• tem = very common in everyday speech

Because Na segunda folha is an introductory adverbial phrase that sets the location.

The comma helps separate that opening phrase from the main clause:

• Na segunda folha, há...

In short, it works like:

• On the second page, there is...

In Portuguese, this comma is very natural and standard.

Because Portuguese, like English, often avoids repeating a noun when it is already understood.

Here:

• uma frase sem vírgula
• outra sem acento

The word outra means another one / the other one, and frase is understood from the first part.

So the full underlying idea is:

• uma frase sem vírgula e outra frase sem acento

But repeating frase is unnecessary, so Portuguese leaves it out.

Because outra refers back to frase, which is feminine.

Compare:

• uma frase ... e outra ...
• um texto ... e outro ...

So:

• outra = feminine
• outro = masculine

This is another case of gender agreement.

After sem, Portuguese often uses a noun without an article when speaking in a general sense.

So:

• sem vírgula = without a comma
• sem acento = without an accent mark

This sounds natural because the idea is general: the sentence lacks that feature.

If you say sem a vírgula or sem o acento, it usually sounds more specific, as if you mean a particular comma or a particular accent already known in context.

Here, the article is not needed.

Here, acento means an accent mark in writing, not a spoken accent.

So it refers to marks such as:

• á
• ê
• ç is not an accent mark, so not this one
• ó

In everyday learner vocabulary, acento can be confusing because it may also mean accent in the sense of pronunciation or regional speech. But in this sentence, because we are talking about writing and punctuation, it clearly means an accent mark.

Because each phrase is missing one item of that type.

• uma frase sem vírgula = a sentence without a comma
• outra sem acento = another one without an accent mark

Portuguese often uses the singular after sem when talking about the absence of something in a general or countable way.

If the meaning were plural, you could say:

• sem vírgulas
• sem acentos

But here the intended idea is singular.

In pronunciation, há and a are often pronounced the same or very similarly in Brazilian Portuguese: basically ah.

The difference is mainly in writing and meaning:

• há = from haver, meaning there is/there are or sometimes ago
• a = article the or preposition to, depending on context

Examples:

• Há uma frase aqui. = There is a sentence here.
• A frase está aqui. = The sentence is here.

So when listening, context tells you which one it is. In writing, the accent mark distinguishes them.

The sentence as written is very natural:

• Na segunda folha, há uma frase sem vírgula e outra sem acento.

But Portuguese does allow some variation.

For example, you could also say:

• Há, na segunda folha, uma frase sem vírgula e outra sem acento.

That sounds more marked or literary.

The original order is the most straightforward because it first tells you where, then tells you what is there. That is a very common pattern in Portuguese.