Minha filha vai varrer o quintal enquanto eu dobro a roupa limpa.

This is the very common Brazilian Portuguese future pattern:

ir + infinitive

So:

• vai = goes / is going
• varrer = to sweep

Together, vai varrer means is going to sweep or simply will sweep.

In everyday Brazilian Portuguese, this is usually more natural than the simple future form varrerá, which sounds more formal or written.

So:

• Minha filha vai varrer o quintal = My daughter is going to sweep the yard

Both are possible in Brazilian Portuguese.

With possessives like meu, minha, seu, nossa, etc., Brazilian Portuguese often allows either:

• minha filha
• a minha filha

Both mean my daughter.

In Brazil, leaving out the article is very common, especially in casual speech. Using the article can sound a little more specific, emphatic, or just reflect personal/regional style.

So in this sentence, minha filha is completely natural.

Portuguese uses definite articles much more often than English.

In English, you might say sweep the yard, and in Portuguese that naturally becomes varrer o quintal.

The article o is there because the speaker is talking about a specific yard, usually the one at their home or a yard already understood in context.

In many cases, Portuguese sounds incomplete without the article where English would still sound fine.

Quintal usually means yard, often the outdoor area of a house, especially in the back or around it.

Depending on context, it can be translated as:

• yard
• backyard
• sometimes courtyard

It does not necessarily mean a grassy garden. It can be a paved area, dirt area, or open domestic outdoor space.

So varrer o quintal is something like sweep the yard/backyard.

Enquanto means while or as in the sense of two actions happening at the same time.

So:

• Minha filha vai varrer o quintal
• enquanto eu dobro a roupa limpa

means one action happens at the same time as the other.

This is different from quando, which usually means when and does not always emphasize simultaneity in the same way.

So here enquanto is exactly the right word for while.

Yes, it could.

Portuguese often drops subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

• dobro already means I fold
• so eu is not strictly necessary

Both are natural:

• enquanto eu dobro a roupa limpa
• enquanto dobro a roupa limpa

Including eu can help with:

• clarity
• emphasis
• contrast with minha filha

So here it helps clearly set up my daughter doing one thing and I doing another.

Both are possible, but they feel slightly different.

Eu dobro a roupa limpa uses the simple present. In Portuguese, the simple present can often describe:

• a current action in context
• a habitual action
• a routine or matter-of-fact statement

Eu estou dobrando a roupa limpa puts stronger focus on the action being in progress right now.

So:

• enquanto eu dobro a roupa limpa = natural, simple, straightforward
• enquanto eu estou dobrando a roupa limpa = also correct, but more explicitly while I am folding... right now

Brazilian Portuguese often uses the simple present in places where English strongly prefers the progressive.

Dobro is the 1st person singular present form of dobrar.

So:

• dobrar = to fold
• eu dobro = I fold

Here it means I fold the clothes/laundry.

You may also see dobrar in other meanings, such as to bend or even to double, depending on context. But in this sentence, because of a roupa limpa, the meaning is clearly to fold.

There are two useful points here.

First, roupa is a singular feminine noun, but it often has a collective meaning. It can refer to:

• clothing
• clothes
• laundry

So a roupa limpa often means:

• the clean clothes
• the clean laundry

Second, adjectives agree with the noun in gender and number.

Since roupa is:

• singular
• feminine

the adjective must also be:

• singular
• feminine

So:

• roupa limpa = clean clothes / clean laundry
• roupa suja = dirty clothes / dirty laundry

If the noun were masculine or plural, the adjective would change too.

Yes. That is very common.

Portuguese often uses roupa as a singular collective noun where English uses a plural word.

So:

• a roupa = clothes / clothing / laundry
• a roupa limpa = the clean clothes / the clean laundry

This is something English speakers have to get used to: the grammar is singular in Portuguese even when the idea is plural in English.

Here are rough Brazilian Portuguese approximations:

• minha ≈ MEEN-ya
• filha ≈ FEE-lya
• quintal ≈ keen-TAW (with a nasal sound in the first syllable)
• roupa ≈ HOH-pa or HOH-puh depending on accent

A few important pronunciation notes:

• nh in minha sounds like the ny in canyon
• lh in filha is a palatal sound, roughly like ly in million, though not exactly the same
• the r in roupa is often pronounced like an English h in many Brazilian accents
• quintal has a nasal vowel, which English does not really have in the same way

So the hardest parts for many English speakers are usually nh, lh, and the nasal vowel in quintal.