Chegamos ao destino cedo.

Chegamos is the 1st person plural form of chegar — so it means we arrived or, in some contexts, we arrive.

A useful thing to know: this form is ambiguous in writing because it can be either:

• present: we arrive
• preterite (simple past): we arrived

In this sentence, it is normally understood as past: we arrived. The context makes that the natural reading.

Portuguese often omits subject pronouns when the verb ending already makes the subject clear.

So:

• Chegamos ao destino cedo.
• Nós chegamos ao destino cedo.

Both are correct. The version without nós is very normal and natural.
Adding nós usually gives a little more emphasis, contrast, or clarity.

Because chegar normally takes a preposition before the place you arrive at.

In more standard Portuguese, you chegar a some place:

• chegar ao destino
• chegar à cidade
• chegar aos hotéis

Here, ao is a contraction:

• a + o = ao

So ao destino literally comes from a + o destino.

That is a very common question.

In standard grammar, the usual form is:

• chegar a
  • place

So this sentence uses the more standard form:

• Chegamos ao destino cedo.

But in everyday Brazilian Portuguese, many people also say:

• Chegamos no destino cedo.

That uses:

• em + o = no

So:

• ao destino = more standard / more careful style
• no destino = very common in speech in Brazil

Both are widely understood.

Because destino is a masculine noun:

• o destino

So the contraction is:

• a + o = ao

If the noun were feminine, you would use:

• a + a = à

For example:

• Chegamos à cidade cedo.

Here cedo is an adverb, meaning early.

It modifies the action of arriving:

• Chegamos cedo. = We arrived early.

It does not change form for gender or number.
So you use cedo the same way regardless of who arrived.

Related forms:

• mais cedo = earlier
• muito cedo = very early

Yes. Portuguese has some flexibility with adverb placement.

These are both natural:

• Chegamos ao destino cedo.
• Chegamos cedo ao destino.

Both mean essentially the same thing.
The difference is mostly one of rhythm or emphasis.

The given sentence sounds completely normal.

No. Destino can also mean fate or destiny, depending on context.

For example:

• Nosso destino era diferente. = Our fate/destiny was different.

But in Chegamos ao destino cedo, the meaning is clearly destination — the place we were going to.

Because after chegar, Portuguese normally uses a or, colloquially in Brazil, often em.

So you say:

• chegar ao destino
• chegar no destino

Using para after chegar is generally not the normal pattern here.

A good way to remember it is:

• ir para = to go to
• chegar a / em = to arrive at

Yes. It is natural and correct.

In Brazil, you might hear several versions depending on the level of formality:

• Chegamos ao destino cedo. — correct, standard, natural
• Chegamos no destino cedo. — very common in everyday speech

So the sentence you were given is a good model, especially for careful or written Portuguese.