Akurat dziś kierowniczka jest w biurze, więc mogę poprosić o podwyżkę.

In this sentence, akurat adds the idea of as it happens, just now, or coincidentally / conveniently.

So Akurat dziś kierowniczka jest w biurze suggests something like:

• As luck would have it, the manager is in the office today
• Just today, the manager is in the office
• The manager happens to be in the office today

It often gives a sense that the situation is especially relevant at this moment.

Both dziś and dzisiaj mean today.

The difference is mainly stylistic:

• dziś = a bit shorter, slightly more compact
• dzisiaj = also very common, a little fuller in form

In everyday Polish, both are natural. So you could also say:

• Akurat dzisiaj kierowniczka jest w biurze...

There is no important meaning difference here.

Kierowniczka is a female manager / female supervisor / woman in charge.

It is the feminine form related to:

• kierownik = male manager / supervisor
• kierowniczka = female manager / supervisor

So this sentence specifically tells you the manager is a woman.

Depending on context, English might translate it as:

• manager
• supervisor
• boss

But grammatically in Polish, the feminine ending matters.

Polish has no articles, so there is no direct equivalent of a / an / the.

So:

• kierowniczka can mean a manager or the manager
• the exact meaning depends on context

In this sentence, it most naturally means the manager, because the speaker probably has a specific manager in mind.

This is very normal in Polish: context does the job that articles do in English.

In this sentence, jest means is:

• kierowniczka jest w biurze = the manager is in the office

Polish often does omit forms of to be in some types of sentences, especially where English uses X is Y, for example:

• Ona jest miła can sometimes become Ona miła only in very special, non-standard, poetic, or colloquial contexts, but normally you keep jest

With location, like in the office, you normally use jest:

• jest w biurze
• not just w biurze in a standard full sentence

So here jest is the normal and expected form.

Because the preposition w meaning in usually requires the locative case when it expresses location.

So:

• biuro = office, nominative / dictionary form
• w biurze = in the office, locative

This is a very common pattern:

• w domu = in the house / at home
• w szkole = at school
• w pracy = at work
• w biurze = in the office

So the ending changes because of the preposition w.

Więc means so, therefore, or thus.

It connects the two parts logically:

• Akurat dziś kierowniczka jest w biurze
• więc mogę poprosić o podwyżkę

So the meaning is:

• The manager is in the office today, so I can ask for a raise

It shows cause/result or situation/consequence.

Mogę means I can / I am able to / I may.

After a modal verb like móc (to be able to), Polish uses an infinitive:

• mogę poprosić = I can ask

Here poprosić is the perfective infinitive of to ask / request.

Compare:

• prosić = imperfective
• poprosić = perfective

In this sentence, poprosić sounds natural because the speaker means make a single request. Asking for a raise is seen as one complete act.

So:

• mogę poprosić o podwyżkę = I can ask for a raise

This is a classic Polish aspect question.

• prosić = imperfective
• poprosić = perfective

Very roughly:

• prosić focuses on the process, repetition, or general action of asking
• poprosić focuses on one completed request

In this sentence, poprosić is used because the speaker is talking about one specific act: asking for a raise now.

Examples:

• Chcę prosić o pomoc = I want to be asking / ask for help
• Chcę poprosić o pomoc = I want to ask for help, as one concrete request

With mogę, the perfective often sounds especially natural when talking about a single opportunity to do something.

After prosić o or poprosić o, Polish uses the accusative case.

So:

• podwyżka = raise, pay rise, salary increase — nominative
• podwyżkę = accusative singular

That is why the sentence has:

• poprosić o podwyżkę = to ask for a raise

This pattern is very useful to remember:

• prosić o pomoc = to ask for help
• prosić o radę = to ask for advice
• prosić o kawę = to ask for coffee
• prosić o podwyżkę = to ask for a raise

Yes, ja could be added, but it is usually unnecessary.

Polish often leaves out subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows the person:

• mogę = I can

So ja is omitted unless the speaker wants emphasis or contrast.

Compare:

• Mogę poprosić o podwyżkę = neutral, normal
• Ja mogę poprosić o podwyżkę = I can ask for a raise, possibly contrasting with someone else

In this sentence, leaving out ja is the most natural choice.

Polish word order is fairly flexible, but different orders change emphasis.

The given sentence is very natural:

• Akurat dziś kierowniczka jest w biurze, więc mogę poprosić o podwyżkę.

Other possible versions include:

• Kierowniczka jest akurat dziś w biurze, więc mogę poprosić o podwyżkę.
• Dziś akurat kierowniczka jest w biurze, więc mogę poprosić o podwyżkę.

These all mean roughly the same thing, but the focus shifts slightly.

The original version puts early emphasis on akurat dziś — just today / as it happens today — which sounds very natural if that timing is the important point.

Yes, often it could, but the nuance may change.

• kierowniczka = female manager / supervisor, somewhat more specific and formal
• szefowa = female boss, often more everyday and a bit more personal

So:

• Akurat dziś szefowa jest w biurze...
  would also be natural, but it may sound a little more like the boss than the manager.

Which one is better depends on the workplace and relationship.

Usually in a sentence like this, yes.

Podwyżka can mean an increase, but in everyday work-related context it most often means:

• a raise
• a pay rise
• a salary increase

So poprosić o podwyżkę is the standard way to say:

• ask for a raise

If the context is employment, that is the default interpretation.