Właściwie moglibyśmy załatwić tę sprawę jutro, bo dziś jest już za późno.

Here właściwie does not mean properly. It works more like actually, really, or come to think of it.

It adds a soft, reflective tone, as if the speaker is reconsidering the situation: Actually, we could take care of this tomorrow...

Yes. Moglibyśmy załatwić tę sprawę jutro, bo dziś jest już za późno is perfectly natural.

If you remove właściwie, the sentence becomes a bit more direct and less conversational. Właściwie adds nuance, not essential grammar.

Moglibyśmy is the conditional form of móc and means we could.

That makes the sentence sound like a suggestion rather than a firm statement. Compare:

• możemy = we can / we are able to
• moglibyśmy = we could

So here the speaker is proposing a solution in a polite, less forceful way.

It is made from:

• mogli = past-tense base
• by = conditional particle
• śmy = we

So moglibyśmy literally corresponds to we would be able to, which in natural English becomes we could.

This is about grammatical gender in the we form.

• moglibyśmy is used for a mixed group or a group containing at least one male
• mogłybyśmy is used only if the speakers are all female

English does not mark this difference, but Polish does.

This is an aspect question.

• załatwić is perfective
• załatwiać is imperfective

The perfective form is used because the speaker means finish / settle the matter as a complete action. The idea is not just be dealing with it tomorrow, but get it taken care of tomorrow.

It is a very common expression meaning to deal with, take care of, settle, or sort out a matter.

sprawa is a matter / issue / business, and załatwić sprawę often sounds practical or administrative. It is not necessarily dramatic; it can refer to anything from paperwork to an important discussion.

Because sprawa is the direct object of załatwić, it must be in the accusative case.

So:

• ta sprawa = nominative, this matter
• tę sprawę = accusative, this matter as the object

Both the noun and the demonstrative change form:

• sprawa → sprawę
• ta → tę

In everyday spoken Polish, many people do say tą sprawę. However, in standard grammar, the correct accusative form here is tę sprawę.

So:

• tę sprawę = standard and recommended
• tą sprawę = very common in speech, but often treated as non-standard in careful writing

Because jutro is an adverb meaning tomorrow. Polish often uses time adverbs directly, without a preposition.

So just like dziś means today, jutro means tomorrow by itself.

They mean the same thing: today.

• dziś is shorter
• dzisiaj is a fuller form

Both are common and natural. In this sentence, dziś simply sounds a bit more compact.

Both can mean because, but they differ in tone.

• bo is very common, natural, and conversational
• ponieważ is a bit more formal or explicit

In ordinary speech, bo is usually the most natural choice.

już means already or by now.

So jest za późno means it is too late, while jest już za późno means it is already too late / by now it is too late.

It emphasizes that the time window has passed.

Polish very often uses the impersonal expression jest za późno for it is too late.

There is no real subject, just as English uses it in a dummy way. This is the normal, idiomatic Polish structure.

Yes. Polish word order is fairly flexible because case endings show grammatical roles.

For example, you could also say:

• Właściwie jutro moglibyśmy załatwić tę sprawę...
• Tę sprawę moglibyśmy załatwić jutro...

The basic meaning stays the same, but the emphasis changes. The original order sounds natural and neutral.

Yes, especially for English speakers:

• ł in właściwie sounds like English w
• ś in dziś is a soft sh-like sound
• ó in późno sounds like u
• ź in późno is a soft zh-like sound
• ę in tę is a nasal vowel, though in normal speech it may sound weaker than learners expect

So some key words may need extra practice: właściwie, moglibyśmy, dziś, późno.