Bez zwolnienia musiałabym iść do biura, chociaż od rana jestem bardzo słaba.

Here bez zwolnienia most naturally means without sick leave / without a medical note excusing me from work.

The noun zwolnienie can mean several kinds of release/exemption, but in everyday work-related Polish, zwolnienie often means:

• a sick note
• medical leave
• being officially excused from work

So in this sentence it is not just a vague without permission. It strongly suggests that the speaker would need an official reason not to go to work.

Because bez requires the genitive case.

• nominative: zwolnienie
• genitive: zwolnienia

So:

• bez zwolnienia = without sick leave / without a note

This is a very common pattern:

• bez cukru = without sugar
• bez problemu = without a problem
• bez samochodu = without a car

Musiałabym means I would have to and it also shows that the speaker is female.

It is the conditional form of musieć.

Breakdown:

• musiała- = feminine past stem
• -bym = conditional ending meaning I would

So:

• musiałabym = I would have to (female speaker)
• musiałbym = I would have to (male speaker)

This is one of the most important things for English speakers to notice: in Polish, past-tense-like and conditional forms often show the speaker’s gender.

Because the sentence describes a hypothetical situation:

Without sick leave, I would have to go to the office...

The idea is:

• if I did not have sick leave,
• then I would have to go.

So Polish uses the conditional:

• musiałabym = I would have to

If it were a simple factual statement, it would be different:

• Muszę iść do biura = I have to go to the office
• Musiałam iść do biura = I had to go to the office

Iść means to go on one occasion / to be going. It is the normal choice when talking about a single trip or obligation.

Here:

• musiałabym iść do biura = I would have to go to the office

Compare:

• iść = to go once, on a specific occasion, usually on foot but often used more generally in many contexts
• jechać = to go by vehicle
• chodzić = to go regularly / habitually, or to walk around

So:

• Codziennie chodzę do biura = I go to the office every day
• Dzisiaj muszę iść do biura = Today I have to go to the office

In real usage, iść do biura is perfectly normal even if the person will actually travel by bus or car.

Because do is used here to mean to / into a place, and do takes the genitive case.

• biuro = office
• genitive: biura

So:

• do biura = to the office

Compare:

• Jestem w biurze = I am in the office
• Idę do biura = I am going to the office

This is a very common motion pattern:

• do domu = to home
• do sklepu = to the shop
• do szkoły = to school

Chociaż means although / even though.

It introduces a contrast:

• Without sick leave, I would have to go to the office, although I’ve been very weak since morning.

Other possible words are:

• choć = a shorter version of chociaż
• mimo że = although, despite the fact that

Examples:

• Chociaż jestem zmęczona, pracuję. = Although I’m tired, I’m working.
• Choć jest późno, nie śpię. = Although it’s late, I’m not sleeping.
• Mimo że jestem chora, wyszłam. = Although I’m sick, I went out.

In this sentence, chociaż is natural and neutral.

Od rana means since the morning / since this morning / from the morning onward.

It expresses a starting point in time.

• od = from, since
• rana = genitive of rano? Not exactly. This is a fixed expression built from rano and related forms meaning morning.

In everyday learning, it is best to remember od rana as a whole phrase meaning:

• since morning
• all morning from the start of the day

Examples:

• Od rana pada. = It has been raining since morning.
• Od rana boli mnie głowa. = My head has hurt since morning.

Because the speaker is female.

• słaby = weak (masculine)
• słaba = weak (feminine)
• słabe = weak (neuter)

Since the sentence also has musiałabym, we already know the speaker is female, so słaba matches that.

A male speaker would say:

• Bez zwolnienia musiałbym iść do biura, chociaż od rana jestem bardzo słaby.

Because Polish usually omits subject pronouns when they are not needed.

The forms already show who the subject is:

• musiałabym = I would have to
• jestem = I am

So ja is unnecessary unless the speaker wants emphasis or contrast.

For example:

• Ja musiałabym iść do biura, a ty nie. = I would have to go to the office, but you wouldn’t.

Without emphasis, leaving out ja sounds more natural.

Yes, the word order can change, but the original order is natural and meaningful.

Original:

• Bez zwolnienia musiałabym iść do biura, chociaż od rana jestem bardzo słaba.

This puts bez zwolnienia first, which highlights the condition:

• without sick leave...

You could also say:

• Musiałabym iść do biura bez zwolnienia, chociaż od rana jestem bardzo słaba.

That is still understandable, but it may sound a little less elegant because bez zwolnienia works very well as an opening frame for the sentence.

Polish word order is flexible, but changes often affect:

• emphasis
• rhythm
• what feels most natural in context

Here bardzo słaba most likely means physically weak / unwell / lacking strength.

Because the sentence mentions zwolnienie in a work context, the most natural reading is that the speaker feels too unwell to go to the office.

So it is probably not:

• weak at something
• poor in ability

It is more like:

• I feel very weak
• I’m physically quite unwell

Yes. Zwolnienie is a broader word and can mean:

• release
• exemption
• dismissal
• time off
• a formal excuse

But in this sentence, because of:

• iść do biura
• od rana jestem bardzo słaba

the most natural interpretation is medical leave / a doctor’s note / sick leave.

So this is a good example of how context determines the exact meaning of a Polish noun that has several related uses.