Jutro idę do fryzjerki, bo moje włosy są już za długie.

In Polish, just like in English, the present tense can be used to talk about a planned future action.

So:

• Jutro idę do fryzjerki = I’m going to the hairdresser tomorrow
• Literally, idę means I am going / I go

This sounds natural when the trip is already arranged or expected. It is similar to English I’m seeing the dentist tomorrow.

You could also say Jutro pójdę do fryzjerki, which is more like I will go tomorrow, but idę often sounds more immediate, scheduled, or definite.

Do fryzjerki literally means to the female hairdresser.

A few important points:

• fryzjer = male hairdresser
• fryzjerka = female hairdresser

In everyday Polish, iść do fryzjera / do fryzjerki often means to go to the hairdresser’s / to go get your hair cut, not just physically to the person.

So in this sentence:

• Jutro idę do fryzjerki = Tomorrow I’m going to the hairdresser’s / to my female hairdresser

Because the preposition do normally requires the genitive case.

So:

• fryzjerka = nominative
• do fryzjerki = genitive, after do

This is a very common pattern in Polish:

• do domu = to the house / home
• do szkoły = to school
• do fryzjerki = to the female hairdresser

So the ending changes because of grammar, not because the meaning changes.

Yes, if the hairdresser is male.

Compare:

• Idę do fryzjerki = I’m going to a female hairdresser
• Idę do fryzjera = I’m going to a male hairdresser

In real life, people often choose the form based on the actual person they go to. If the learner already knows the meaning is hairdresser’s, it is still useful to notice that Polish keeps the gender of the professional in the noun.

In Polish, włosy is normally a plural noun when talking about the hair on someone’s head.

So:

• włos = a single hair
• włosy = hair / hairs collectively

That is why the sentence says:

• moje włosy są... = my hair is...

Even though English uses singular hair, Polish usually uses plural włosy.

That also affects the adjective:

• za długie is plural, because włosy is plural

Because the adjective has to agree with włosy.

Since włosy is:

• plural
• non-masculine-personal

the adjective must also be plural in the matching form:

• długie

So:

• włosy są za długie = the hair is too long

Compare:

• Ten włos jest za długi = This hair is too long
  singular masculine noun: włos
• Włosy są za długie = Hair is too long
  plural: włosy

And za długo would be an adverb, meaning for too long, not an adjective describing hair.

Here za means too.

So:

• za długie = too long

This is a very common Polish structure:

• za drogi = too expensive
• za zimno = too cold
• za późno = too late

So in the sentence:

• moje włosy są już za długie = my hair is already too long

Be careful: za can mean other things in different contexts, but here it means too.

Już usually means already.

In this sentence, it suggests that the speaker feels their hair has now reached the point where it is too long.

So:

• moje włosy są za długie = my hair is too long
• moje włosy są już za długie = my hair is already too long

It adds a sense of now it’s gotten to that point.

Yes, both can mean because, but they differ in style.

• bo = common, everyday, conversational
• ponieważ = more formal or written

So:

• Jutro idę do fryzjerki, bo moje włosy są już za długie.
  Very natural in speech.
• Jutro idę do fryzjerki, ponieważ moje włosy są już za długie.
  Also correct, but more formal.

Most learners will hear bo much more often in casual conversation.

Yes, you could say that, and it would still be grammatical.

• Moje włosy są już za długie = My hair is already too long
• Włosy są już za długie = The hair is already too long / Hair is already too long

Including moje makes it explicit that you mean my hair. Without it, the meaning may still be clear from context, but moje sounds more complete and natural here.

The word order is natural and straightforward:

• Jutro = tomorrow
• idę do fryzjerki = I’m going to the hairdresser
• bo = because
• moje włosy są już za długie = my hair is already too long

Polish word order is more flexible than English, but this version is neutral and very natural.

You might also hear variations like:

• Bo moje włosy są już za długie, jutro idę do fryzjerki.
• Jutro idę do fryzjerki, bo już moje włosy są za długie.

But the original sentence is the most normal everyday phrasing.