Ta firma szuka jednej osoby na etat, a ja chcę tam pracować od września.

Because firma is a feminine noun in Polish.

The demonstrative this must agree with the noun’s gender:

• ten = masculine
• ta = feminine
• to = neuter

So:

• ta firma = this company

Even though a company is not biologically female, Polish nouns still have grammatical gender.

This is a very common question, because szukać is one of those Polish verbs that takes the genitive case, not the accusative.

So:

• szukać kogo? czego? = to look for / seek
  • genitive

That is why:

• jedna osoba = nominative
• jedną osobę = accusative
• jednej osoby = genitive

In the sentence:

• Ta firma szuka jednej osoby
  the phrase jednej osoby is in the genitive, because it depends on szuka.

It literally means one person, but in this sentence it usually means a single person / one employee / one candidate.

Form by form:

• jednej = genitive singular feminine of jeden (one)
• osoby = genitive singular of osoba (person)

Because osoba is feminine, jeden changes to jedna in the basic form, and here to jednej in the genitive.

Na etat is a common Polish expression connected with employment. It usually means something like:

• for a full-time position
• as a full-time employee
• on a regular employment post

So:

• szuka jednej osoby na etat = is looking for one person for a full-time position

A useful note:

• etat can refer to a formal job post or full-time employment
• na pełen etat more explicitly means full-time
• na pół etatu means part-time, literally for half an etat

In everyday usage, na etat often suggests standard salaried employment rather than freelance or casual work.

In Polish, a often means more than just and. It can introduce a contrast, a shift, or a second clause with a slightly different perspective.

Here:

• Ta firma szuka jednej osoby na etat, a ja chcę tam pracować od września.

The a is like:

• and
• while
• and as for me
• whereas

It connects the two ideas smoothly:

• the company is looking for someone,
• and I want to work there.

Using i would sound more like simple addition. A is more natural here because it links two related but distinct statements.

Because in Polish, after chcieć (to want), you usually use the infinitive of another verb.

So:

• chcę pracować = I want to work
• chcę iść = I want to go
• chcę kupić = I want to buy

In your sentence:

• chcę tam pracować = I want to work there

This works very much like English want to + verb.

Tam means there.

So:

• chcę tam pracować = I want to work there

It is an adverb of place, not a noun and not a case form. It simply tells you where.

Useful contrast:

• tu / tutaj = here
• tam = there

Because the preposition od requires the genitive case.

So:

• wrzesień = nominative
• września = genitive

That is why:

• od września = from September / starting in September

This is a general rule:

• od + genitive

For example:

• od poniedziałku = from Monday
• od rana = since morning
• od lipca = from July

It means from September onward or starting in September.

That is different from:

• we wrześniu = in September

So:

• pracować od września = start working in September and continue after that
• pracować we wrześniu = work during the month of September

This distinction is very important.

Because Polish nouns often change quite a lot across cases, and month names are no exception.

For wrzesień:

• nominative: wrzesień
• genitive: września

This is just part of the noun’s declension pattern. Many masculine nouns change their endings in the genitive.

Other month examples:

• styczeń → stycznia
• październik → października
• listopad → listopada

So września is not irregular in the sense of being unusual for Polish learners; it is just one of the many case forms you need to learn.

Yes, pracować is an imperfective verb.

It is used here because the sentence talks about:

• ongoing work,
• a general activity,
• employment as a state or process.

Polish would not normally use a perfective verb here, because I want to work there from September refers to a continuing situation, not a single completed action.

So pracować is exactly the right choice.

Yes, it can.

Depending on context, jednej osoby may simply mean:

• one person

But it can also suggest:

• only one person
• a single person

For example, if the point is that the company has only one opening, jednej osoby naturally carries that idea.

If Polish wants to make that especially explicit, it might say:

• tylko jednej osoby = only one person

Not completely. Polish word order is more flexible than English word order because case endings show grammatical relationships.

The given sentence:

• Ta firma szuka jednej osoby na etat, a ja chcę tam pracować od września.

is natural and neutral.

But some parts could move for emphasis. For example:

• Od września chcę tam pracować.
• Ja chcę tam pracować od września.

These versions shift emphasis slightly:

• od września first emphasizes the start date
• ja may sound more contrastive or emphatic

So the original word order is not the only possible one, but it is a very normal one.

Yes, it could be omitted, because Polish often drops subject pronouns when the verb ending already shows the subject.

So:

• chcę tam pracować od września already means I want to work there from September

However, ja is included here for emphasis or contrast:

• a ja = and I / as for me / whereas I

So in this sentence, ja sounds natural because it helps contrast the speaker with the company mentioned in the first clause.

Yes, absolutely. Polish uses firma very naturally as the subject of verbs like:

• szukać = look for
• zatrudniać = employ
• oferować = offer

So:

• Ta firma szuka jednej osoby = This company is looking for one person

This is very similar to English business language:

• The company is looking for...
• The company offers...

So there is nothing unusual about that part.

No, they mean almost the opposite.

• od września = from September
• do września = until September

So:

• pracować od września = to start working in September
• pracować do września = to work until September

This is an important preposition pair to learn:

• od = from
• do = to / until

Yes, grammatically osoba is feminine, regardless of whether it refers to a man, a woman, or a person of unspecified gender.

So you get feminine agreement:

• jedna osoba
• ta osoba
• dobra osoba

This is grammatical gender, not natural gender. English speakers often find that surprising at first.

A fairly literal breakdown would be:

• Ta = this
• firma = company
• szuka = is looking for / seeks
• jednej osoby = one person
• na etat = for a full-time post
• a = and / while / whereas
• ja = I
• chcę = want
• tam = there
• pracować = to work
• od września = from September

A very literal English rendering would be:

• This company is looking for one person for a full-time post, and I want to work there from September.

That is not always the smoothest English, but it helps show how the Polish sentence is built.