sono panya ha kayou ga teikyuubi nanode, kyou ha simatte imasita.

その means that and usually refers to something close to the listener, or something already mentioned in the conversation.

So その パン屋 is that bakery / the bakery we’re talking about.

A quick comparison:

• この パン屋 = this bakery (near the speaker)
• その パン屋 = that bakery (near the listener, or already known in context)
• あの パン屋 = that bakery over there (away from both speaker and listener)

In many real sentences, その is often used like the in English when both people already know which thing is being discussed.

パン屋 means bakery or bread shop.

It is made from:

• パン = bread
• 屋 = shop / store / person who sells something

So literally it is something like bread shop.

You will see 〜屋 in many shop words:

• 本屋 = bookstore
• 花屋 = flower shop
• 魚屋 = fish shop

In その パン屋 は ..., the は marks その パン屋 as the topic of the sentence.

So the sentence is basically saying:

• As for that bakery, ...

After that, the speaker gives information about it.

This is very common in Japanese:

• Topic first
• Then explanation about that topic

So:

• その パン屋 は = As for that bakery,

This is a very common question.

In 火曜が定休日, the が marks 火曜 as the specific thing that fills the role of regular closing day.

So it is like saying:

• Tuesday is the regular closing day
• or more naturally, Its regular day off is Tuesday

Why が? Because the sentence is identifying which day is the bakery’s regular closed day.

You can think of it like:

• What day is the regular closing day?
• Tuesday is.

Using は instead would shift the nuance a bit. 火曜は定休日 is not impossible, but 火曜が定休日 is more natural when stating which day is the fixed closing day.

Yes. 火曜 is a shortened form of 火曜日, and both mean Tuesday.

• 火曜日 = full form
• 火曜 = shorter, casual/common form

Both are very common. The shorter form appears often in speech and writing.

The same pattern works for other weekdays too:

• 月曜 = Monday
• 水曜 = Wednesday
• 木曜 = Thursday

定休日 means regular closing day or fixed day off for a business.

It is made from:

• 定 = fixed / निर्धारित / set
• 休日 = holiday / day off / closed day

So 火曜が定休日 means the bakery is regularly closed every Tuesday.

This is different from just being closed once for some special reason. 定休日 suggests a normal schedule.

なので means so, because, or since. It connects a reason to a result.

In this sentence:

• 火曜が定休日なので、今日は閉まっていました。
• Because Tuesday is its regular closing day, it was closed today.

About nuance:

• なので sounds a bit softer and more formal/polite
• だから is more direct and conversational

Both can often be translated as so or because, but なので fits nicely in explanatory statements like this one.

Very roughly:

• だから = more straightforward, spoken
• なので = a bit gentler, often used in polite explanation

Yes, a sentence can have more than one は.

Here:

• その パン屋 は = as for that bakery
• 今日 は = as for today

The first は sets the main topic: that bakery.
The second は adds a contrastive or frame-setting topic: today.

So the nuance is something like:

• As for that bakery, today, it was closed.

The 今日は can also feel slightly contrastive, like:

• today (as opposed to other days)

Japanese often layers topics like this.

閉まっていました uses the ている form in the past: ていた / ていました.

With verbs like 閉まる (to close), ている often describes the resulting state, not just the action itself.

So:

• 閉まりました = it closed
  • focuses on the action of closing
• 閉まっています = it is closed
  • focuses on the state of being closed
• 閉まっていました = it was closed
  • past state

In this sentence, the speaker is describing the bakery’s condition when they checked or at some time earlier today: it was in the state of being closed.

That is why 閉まっていました is the natural choice.

Because 今日 means today, but the speaker is talking about something that already happened or that they observed earlier.

For example:

• They went to the bakery this afternoon.
• It was closed.
• Now in the evening they are telling someone about it.

So 今日は閉まっていました means:

• It was closed today

Japanese chooses tense based on the speaker’s viewpoint at the time of speaking, not just on whether the day itself is finished.

If the speaker were talking about the bakery’s current condition right now, they might say:

• 今日は閉まっています
• It is closed today

They are related, but not the same.

• 閉まる = to be closed / to close (intransitive)
• 閉める = to close something (transitive)

Examples:

• ドアが閉まる = the door closes / is closed
• ドアを閉める = close the door

In this sentence, the bakery is the thing that is in the state of being closed, so the intransitive verb 閉まる is used:

• 閉まっていました = was closed

You are not saying someone actively closed it at that moment; you are describing its state.

Yes. That is a very natural English translation.

Japanese often leaves relationships implicit when they are clear from context. In:

• その パン屋 は 火曜 が 定休日

the topic is already that bakery, so Japanese does not need to say something like そのパン屋の火曜が... here.

The meaning is understood as:

• As for that bakery, Tuesday is its regular closing day.

So even though English uses possession more explicitly, Japanese often does not need to.

The comma is not grammatically required, but it is very common and helpful.

It shows a pause after the reason part:

• 火曜が定休日なので、
• Because Tuesday is its regular closing day,

Then comes the result:

• 今日は閉まっていました。
• it was closed today.

Japanese punctuation is often more flexible than English punctuation, but this comma makes the sentence easier to read.