densha no naka de seki ya kushami o suru toki wa, masuku o shita hou ga ii desu.

topic particle

Breakdown of densha no naka de seki ya kushami o suru toki wa, masuku o shita hou ga ii desu.

• です: to be
• を: direct object particle
• が: subject particle

Questions & Answers about densha no naka de seki ya kushami o suru toki wa, masuku o shita hou ga ii desu.

Why is it 電車の中で and not just 電車で?

電車の中で means in the train / inside the train.

• 電車で can mean by train as a means of transportation.
• 電車の中で clearly tells you the location where the action happens.

So in this sentence, the speaker is not talking about how you travel, but about what you do while inside the train.

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What does の do in 電車の中?

Here, の links two nouns:

• 電車 = train
• 中 = inside

So 電車の中 literally means the inside of the train.

This is a very common pattern in Japanese:

• 学校の中 = inside the school
• かばんの中 = inside the bag

You can think of A の B as B of A or A’s B, depending on what sounds natural in English.

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Why is the particle で used after 中?

で marks the place where an action happens.

In this sentence, the action is せきやくしゃみをする (to cough or sneeze), and that action happens in the train.

So:

• 電車の中で = in the train / inside the train, as the location of the action

Compare:

• 公園で遊ぶ = play in the park
• 部屋で食べる = eat in the room

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