Það er logn úti, svo við förum á ströndina.

It is a dummy subject, just like English it in It is raining or It is windy.

In other words, það does not refer to a specific thing here. It is simply part of a very common Icelandic pattern:

• Það er + weather / condition

So Það er logn is the normal way to say that the weather is calm.

No. Logn is a noun, not an adjective.

It means calm weather, especially no wind or still air.

Icelandic often uses nouns in weather expressions, for example:

• Það er rigning = it is raining / there is rain
• Það er rok = it is very windy
• Það er logn = it is calm

So even though English might use an adjective like calm, Icelandic often uses a noun in this kind of sentence.

Úti means outside or outdoors.

So:

• Það er logn = it is calm
• Það er logn úti = it is calm outside

You can omit úti if the context already makes it obvious that you are talking about the weather. Adding it just makes the sentence a little more explicit.

Here svo means so, therefore, or as a result.

It connects the two ideas:

• it is calm outside
• therefore we go to the beach

So in this sentence, svo is functioning as a conjunction linking cause and result.

Be aware that svo can have other meanings in other contexts, such as then or so/very, but here it clearly means so.

Because Icelandic, like English, often uses the present tense for a planned or expected future action.

So við förum á ströndina can mean:

• we go to the beach
• we are going to the beach
• we’ll go to the beach

The exact time comes from the context, not from a special future tense ending.

The dictionary form is fara, which means to go.

Förum is the 1st person plural present tense form, so it means we go.

A few present-tense forms of fara are:

• ég fer = I go
• þú ferð = you go
• hann / hún / það fer = he / she / it goes
• við förum = we go
• þið farið = you all go
• þeir / þær / þau fara = they go

Yes. Here við is the pronoun we.

You can tell because it is the subject of förum, and förum is the we form of the verb.

That gives you:

• við förum = we go

Because Icelandic commonly uses fara á for going to certain places or destinations, and the beach is one of those natural uses.

So:

• fara á ströndina = go to the beach

The preposition á often corresponds to English on, onto, to, or at, depending on context. Here the natural English translation is to.

Because after á, when there is movement toward a place, Icelandic uses the accusative.

This sentence describes motion:

• við förum á ströndina = we go to the beach

So ströndina is the accusative singular definite form.

By contrast:

• ströndin = the beach in the nominative
• ströndina = the beach in the accusative

It shows that the noun is:

• definite = the beach, not just a beach
• accusative singular
• feminine

The base noun is:

• strönd = beach

Then the definite forms are built onto the noun itself, because Icelandic usually attaches the as a suffix instead of using a separate word.

So:

• strönd = a beach
• ströndin = the beach
• ströndina = the beach, in the accusative

You would say:

• Við erum á ströndinni

This is a very useful contrast:

• á ströndina = to the beach → movement, so accusative
• á ströndinni = at the beach → location, so dative

That motion/location contrast after prepositions is a major pattern in Icelandic.

You could, but it would not be the most natural choice here.

For a normal idea like going to the beach, Icelandic usually says:

• fara á ströndina

Using til strandarinnar is more like to the shore/coast in a more literal or formal sense, not the ordinary everyday expression for going to the beach to relax or spend time there.

So for this sentence, á ströndina is the idiomatic choice.

Yes, Icelandic word order is somewhat flexible, but this sentence has a very normal, neutral order.

For example, you could also front another element for emphasis:

• Úti er logn = Outside, it is calm
• Á ströndina förum við = It’s to the beach that we’re going / We’re going to the beach

When something other than the subject comes first in a main clause, Icelandic usually keeps the verb in second position. That is an important pattern to notice as you learn.

A few important ones:

• þ in það = like th in thin
• ð in það and við = like th in this, often very soft
• ö in förum and ströndina = like German ö or French eu
• á = roughly like ow in now
• ú in úti = like oo in food

Also, Icelandic words are usually stressed on the first syllable, so:

• ÞAÐ er logn Úti, svo VIÐ förum á STRÖNdina