אני יושבת על הספסל ושותה מים כדי שלא אהיה עייפה בדרך הביתה.

In Hebrew, the present tense usually uses forms like יושב / יושבת / שותה, which can mean either a simple present or a present-progressive idea.

So:

• אני יושבת can mean I sit or I am sitting
• אני שותה can mean I drink or I am drinking

In this sentence, the context makes it sound like an action happening right now: I am sitting on the bench and drinking water.

Because the speaker is female. Hebrew verbs in the present tense agree with gender and number.

• יושב = masculine singular
• יושבת = feminine singular

So a male speaker would say:

אני יושב על הספסל ושותה מים כדי שלא אהיה עייף בדרך הביתה.

In this form, שותה looks the same for both masculine singular and feminine singular.

So both a man and a woman say:

• אני שותה מים

But in other numbers, the form changes:

• שותים = masculine plural
• שותות = feminine plural

So in this sentence, יושבת clearly shows the speaker is female, while שותה by itself does not.

Because Hebrew, like English, does not need to repeat the subject when the same person is doing both actions.

So:

• אני יושבת על הספסל ושותה מים means
• I am sitting on the bench and drinking water

Repeating אני would be possible in some contexts for emphasis, but it would sound less natural here.

Because כדי שלא means so that ... not or in order that ... not, and Hebrew often uses a future verb after this kind of purpose clause.

So:

• כדי שלא אהיה עייפה = so that I won’t be tired

Here:

• אהיה = I will be
• שלא = that not / so that not

This is a very normal Hebrew structure for expressing purpose.

Yes. Since the subject is the same person, Hebrew can also use כדי + infinitive:

• כדי לא להיות עייפה בדרך הביתה

That also means in order not to be tired on the way home.

The version in your sentence, כדי שלא אהיה עייפה, sounds a little more like so that I won’t be tired, with a full clause. Both are grammatical and natural.

Because adjectives in Hebrew agree with the noun or pronoun they describe.

Here, עייפה describes the speaker, אני, and the speaker is female.

So:

• עייף = tired, masculine singular
• עייפה = tired, feminine singular

That is why the sentence has:

• שלא אהיה עייפה

Because את is used only before a definite direct object.

Here, מים means water in a general sense, not the water, so it is not definite.

Compare:

• אני שותה מים = I am drinking water
• אני שותה את המים = I am drinking the water

So in your sentence, leaving out את is correct.

The preposition על means on. Unlike some short Hebrew prepositions such as ב, ל, and כ, על does not combine with the definite article ה־.

So:

• על הספסל = on the bench

But with a preposition like ב you do get a combined form:

• ב + הבית = בבית

With על, the article stays attached to the noun:

• על הספסל

Literally, it is something like on the way home.

Breakdown:

• בדרך = on the way / along the way
• הביתה = homeward / to home

Together:

• בדרך הביתה = on the way home

This is a very common Hebrew expression.

הביתה uses the special directional ־ה ending, sometimes called the directive heh. It adds the idea of movement toward a place.

So:

• הבית = the house / the home
• הביתה = homeward / to home

That is why בדרך הביתה means on the way home, not just on the way the house.

This ending appears in a few other common words too, such as:

• העירה = to the city
• החוצה = outward / outside

So הביתה is the natural form here because the sentence is talking about going home.