Die Gärtnerin im Nachbarhaus zeigt mir, wie man Unkraut entfernt, ohne die jungen Pflanzen zu beschädigen.

Gärtnerin is the feminine form of Gärtner.

• der Gärtner = the male gardener
• die Gärtnerin = the female gardener

German often uses -in to make a noun specifically feminine:

• der Lehrer → die Lehrerin
• der Nachbar → die Nachbarin

So die Gärtnerin tells you the gardener is a woman.

Im Nachbarhaus means in the neighboring house or next door.

It is made of:

• in dem → im
• Nachbarhaus = neighboring house / house next door

So:

• im = contraction of in dem
• Nachbarhaus is a compound noun:
  • Nachbar = neighbor
  • Haus = house

Here, im Nachbarhaus describes where the gardener lives or where she is located: the gardener in the house next door.

Because zeigen usually takes:

• a direct object in the accusative = the thing being shown
• an indirect object in the dative = the person being shown something

So in this sentence:

• mir = to me (dative)

Compare:

• Sie zeigt mir das Buch. = She shows me the book.
• Sie zeigt mir, wie man Unkraut entfernt. = She shows me how to remove weeds.

So mir is correct because it means to me, not me as a direct object.

No. man in German does not mean male person here.

It means something like:

• one
• you in a general sense
• people

So wie man Unkraut entfernt means:

• how one removes weeds
• more naturally in English: how to remove weeds or how you remove weeds

This is a very common German structure.

Examples:

• So macht man das. = That’s how you do it.
• Hier spricht man Deutsch. = German is spoken here / People speak German here.

Because Unkraut is often used as an uncountable mass noun, like grass, water, or furniture in English.

So:

• Unkraut entfernen = to remove weeds / to weed

German often leaves out the article with general, non-specific mass nouns.

Compare:

• Ich trinke Wasser. = I drink water.
• Sie entfernt Unkraut. = She removes weeds.

If you were talking about specific weeds, you might see an article, but in a general sense, no article is very normal here.

Because wie man Unkraut entfernt is a subordinate clause.

In German, the conjugated verb usually goes to the end of a subordinate clause.

Main clause:

• Die Gärtnerin zeigt mir ...
• The verb zeigt is in second position.

Subordinate clause introduced by wie:

• wie man Unkraut entfernt
• The verb entfernt moves to the end.

This is one of the most important word-order rules in German.

Other examples:

• Ich weiß, dass er kommt.
• Sie erklärt, warum das wichtig ist.

This is the common German pattern ohne + zu + infinitive, which means:

• without doing something

So:

• ohne die jungen Pflanzen zu beschädigen = without damaging the young plants

Structure:

• ohne = without
• object in the middle = die jungen Pflanzen
• zu + infinitive at the end = zu beschädigen

This is very common in German:

• ohne zu fragen = without asking
• ohne etwas zu sagen = without saying anything
• ohne die Tür zu öffnen = without opening the door

It is accusative plural, because the plants are the direct object of beschädigen.

The infinitive beschädigen means to damage, and it takes a direct object:

• damage what?
• die jungen Pflanzen

So:

• die Pflanzen = the plants
• jungen = young

Because this is plural accusative with die, the adjective ending is -en:

• die jungen Pflanzen

Compare:

• nominative plural: die jungen Pflanzen
• accusative plural: die jungen Pflanzen

In this case, nominative and accusative plural look the same.

The commas are there because German requires commas before certain types of clauses.

Here there are two:

1. before wie man Unkraut entfernt

   • because this is a subordinate clause introduced by wie

2. before ohne die jungen Pflanzen zu beschädigen

   • because this is an infinitive clause with ohne ... zu

So the commas are not optional here in standard German. German punctuation is often stricter than English punctuation in these structures.

Yes, very common.

German often uses:

• jemandem zeigen, wie man etwas macht

Literally:

• to show someone how one does something

Natural English:

• to show someone how to do something

Examples:

• Sie zeigt mir, wie man Brot backt. = She shows me how to bake bread.
• Er zeigt uns, wie man das Gerät benutzt. = He shows us how to use the device.

So even though German uses wie man ..., the natural English translation is often just how to ....

Zeigt is present tense.

• zeigen = to show
• sie zeigt = she shows / is showing

In German, the present tense can cover both:

• she shows
• she is showing

Which one is meant depends on context.

So this sentence could mean:

• she shows me this in general / habitually
• she is showing me right now

German does not need a separate form like English is showing in most cases.