Je trouve ce petit bouquet très joli.

Yes, trouver often means to find, but it also commonly means to find something/someone + adjective, in the sense of to consider or to think ... is.

So:

• Je trouve ce bouquet joli = I find this bouquet pretty
• Natural English: I think this bouquet is pretty

This is a very common French pattern:

• Je trouve ce film intéressant = I find this movie interesting
• Tu trouves ça normal ? = Do you think that’s normal?

Both can be possible, but they are not used in exactly the same way.

• Je trouve ce petit bouquet très joli means I find this little bouquet very pretty / I think this little bouquet is very pretty
• Je pense que ce petit bouquet est très joli means I think that this little bouquet is very pretty

With trouver, French often uses the structure:

• trouver + noun + adjective

With penser, you usually need a full clause:

• penser que + sentence

So Je pense ce petit bouquet très joli is not normal French.

French demonstratives agree with the noun’s gender and number.

For singular nouns:

• ce = masculine singular before most consonant sounds
• cet = masculine singular before a vowel or mute h
• cette = feminine singular

Here, bouquet is a masculine singular noun, and it begins with the consonant sound b, so you use ce:

• ce bouquet

Compare:

• cet arbre = this tree
• cette fleur = this flower

That’s a very common question. In French, most adjectives do come after the noun, but some common short adjectives often come before it. Petit is one of them.

So:

• un petit bouquet = a small/little bouquet

This is part of a well-known group of adjectives often taught as BAGS:

• Beauty
• Age
• Goodness
• Size

Many adjectives in those categories often go before the noun, including:

• beau
• jeune
• bon
• petit
• grand

So ce petit bouquet is completely normal.

Because joli is not working the same way as petit here.

In ce petit bouquet:

• petit directly describes the noun bouquet

But in Je trouve ce petit bouquet très joli:

• joli is linked to the object through trouve
• It means I find this little bouquet very pretty

So the structure is:

• Je trouve
  • object
    • adjective

That adjective comes after the object in this pattern.

You can think of it like:

• I find [this little bouquet] [very pretty]

Because joli agrees with bouquet, and bouquet is masculine singular.

Agreement:

• masculine singular: joli
• feminine singular: jolie
• masculine plural: jolis
• feminine plural: jolies

Examples:

• un bouquet joli → masculine singular
• une fleur jolie → feminine singular

In your sentence, joli describes ce petit bouquet, so masculine singular is correct.

Très means very. It modifies the adjective joli.

So:

• joli = pretty
• très joli = very pretty

In French, très usually goes directly before the adjective or adverb it modifies:

• très joli
• très grand
• très bien

So Je trouve ce petit bouquet très joli is literally:

• I find this little bouquet very pretty

Not always. Ce / cet / cette / ces can mean this, that, these, or those, depending on context.

So ce petit bouquet could be:

• this little bouquet
• that little bouquet

If the meaning shown to the learner says this, that is fine, but the French form itself does not always force a strict this vs that distinction the way English sometimes does.

If you want to be more explicit in spoken French, people often use:

• ce ...-ci = this ...
• ce ...-là = that ...

For example:

• ce bouquet-ci = this bouquet
• ce bouquet-là = that bouquet

Yes, absolutely. That is another very natural way to say it.

Compare:

• Je trouve ce petit bouquet très joli.
• Je trouve que ce petit bouquet est très joli.

Both are correct. The difference is mostly structural:

1. trouver + object + adjective

   • Je trouve ce bouquet joli.

2. trouver que + full clause

   • Je trouve que ce bouquet est joli.

Both mean roughly the same thing. The first one is a bit more compact.

Because joli is an adjective, not a noun.

In this sentence, joli is being used as an object complement after trouver. It describes the object ce petit bouquet.

So the pattern is:

• subject + trouver + object + adjective

Examples:

• Je trouve cette idée intéressante.
• Ils trouvent ce livre utile.
• Nous trouvons la maison trop chère.

No article is needed before the adjective.

A careful approximate pronunciation is:

Je trouve ce petit bouquet très joli
→ zhuh troov suh puh-tee boo-kay tray zho-lee

A few helpful notes:

• Je sounds like zhuh
• trouve has the French ou sound, like oo in food
• petit is pronounced puh-tee
• bouquet is boo-kay
• très sounds like tray
• joli is zho-lee

Also, there is normally no strong liaison between très and joli in everyday speech.

Yes. Petit can often be translated as either small or little, depending on tone and context.

So:

• ce petit bouquet could be this small bouquet
• or this little bouquet

In English, little often sounds a bit warmer or more affectionate, while small sounds more neutral. French petit can cover both ideas.

So in this sentence, this little bouquet is often a very natural translation.

The sentence breaks down like this:

• Je = subject pronoun
• trouve = verb
• ce petit bouquet = direct object
• très joli = adjective phrase describing the direct object

So the overall pattern is:

• Subject + verb + object + object complement

In other words:

• I = subject
• find = verb
• this little bouquet = object
• very pretty = what you are saying about that object

That is why the sentence does not need est. The adjective phrase is attached through trouve, not through être.