In onze woonwijk heeft bijna elk huis een brievenbus naast de voordeur.

Dutch main clauses normally follow the verb-second rule, often called V2. That means the finite verb has to come in the second slot.

Here, In onze woonwijk is placed first for emphasis, so heeft must come next:

• In onze woonwijk = first slot
• heeft = second slot
• bijna elk huis = subject, after the verb

A more neutral order would be:

• Bijna elk huis heeft een brievenbus naast de voordeur.

Both are correct. Starting with In onze woonwijk highlights the location.

Because woonwijk is a de-word. In Dutch possessives:

• ons is used with singular het-words
• onze is used with singular de-words and with plurals

So:

• ons huis = our house
• onze woonwijk = our residential neighborhood

Since wijk is a de noun, the correct form is onze.

Dutch very often forms compound nouns by writing them as a single word.

So:

• woon
  • wijk → woonwijk

This literally means something like living district, but in natural English it is residential neighborhood or housing area.

The same thing happens elsewhere in the sentence:

• brievenbus = mailbox
• voordeur = front door

English sometimes writes similar ideas as two words, but Dutch usually joins them into one.

Because huis is a singular het-word.

With each/every, Dutch uses:

• elk before singular het-words
• elke before singular de-words

So:

• elk huis = every house
• elke straat = every street

That is why elk huis is correct.

Because the grammatical subject is bijna elk huis, and the head of that subject is elk huis, which is singular.

Even though the meaning refers to many individual houses, Dutch treats elk huis as singular for verb agreement:

• elk huis heeft = every house has

Compare:

• Alle huizen hebben = all houses have
• Elk huis heeft = every house has

So heeft is correct because huis is singular here.

Both can be translated naturally as something like almost every house / almost all houses, but there is a small difference in perspective:

• bijna elk huis focuses on houses one by one: almost every individual house
• bijna alle huizen looks at the group as a whole: almost all the houses

In many situations, both are possible. In this sentence, bijna elk huis sounds very natural.

Also notice the grammar change:

• bijna elk huis heeft
• bijna alle huizen hebben

Because the sentence is not talking about one specific mailbox already known to the listener. It is saying that each house has a mailbox as a general feature.

So the indefinite article is natural:

• een brievenbus = a mailbox

If you used de brievenbus, it would sound like a specific mailbox that has already been identified in the conversation or is uniquely understood in context.

Here, the front door is understood as a specific, identifiable one: the front door of that house.

Dutch often uses the definite article when something is clear from the situation:

• naast de voordeur = next to the front door

Using een voordeur would sound less natural here, as if you meant next to a front door, not the obvious front door belonging to the house.

Also, voordeur is a de-word, so the article is de.

This is because Dutch compounds sometimes use a form that looks like a plural stem.

• brief = letter
• brieven = letters
• brievenbus = letterbox / mailbox

The idea is basically a box for letters. Many Dutch compounds work like this, although the exact form is not always fully predictable from English. It is best to learn common compounds as complete words.

Naast is a preposition meaning next to or beside.

It introduces the phrase:

• naast de voordeur = next to the front door

Like English prepositions, it comes before the noun phrase it belongs to:

• naast de voordeur
• in onze woonwijk

So in this sentence, naast de voordeur tells you where the mailbox is located.

Yes. That version is also correct and very natural.

Compare the emphasis:

• In onze woonwijk heeft bijna elk huis een brievenbus naast de voordeur.

  • emphasis first on in our neighborhood

• Bijna elk huis in onze woonwijk heeft een brievenbus naast de voordeur.

  • emphasis first on almost every house

The meaning is basically the same, but Dutch word order lets you shift the focus by choosing which element comes first.