Jeg sætter en vase midt på bordet, og min søster kommer med en buket blomster.

Sætter is the present tense of the verb at sætte: to put / to place / to set.

• jeg sætter = I put / I am putting
• jeg satte = I put / was putting in the past
• at sætte = the infinitive, to put

Sætte is often used when you place something somewhere.

Sætte mig would mean sit down or literally set myself, which is a different use:

• Jeg sætter en vase på bordet = I put a vase on the table.
• Jeg sætter mig på stolen = I sit down on the chair.

Danish nouns have grammatical gender, and common-gender nouns take en as the indefinite article.

So:

• en vase = a vase
• vasen = the vase

In this sentence, vase is being introduced for the first time, so Danish uses the indefinite form en vase.

Midt på bordet means in the middle of the table.

Breakdown:

• midt = middle / in the middle
• på = on
• bordet = the table

This is a very natural Danish expression. Danish often uses midt på where English would say in the middle of.

Examples:

• midt på gulvet = in the middle of the floor
• midt på vejen = in the middle of the road

Bordet is the definite form of bord, meaning the table.

In Danish, the definite article is usually added to the end of the noun:

• et bord = a table
• bordet = the table

So på bordet = on the table.

A few important points:

• bord is a neuter noun, so it takes et in the indefinite form.
• You would not say en bord because bord is not a common-gender noun.
• det bord can also mean that table or sometimes the table in special contexts, but here the normal form is simply bordet.

Because Danish nouns belong to two genders:

• common gender → usually takes en
• neuter → takes et

So:

• en vase
• et bord

Unfortunately, noun gender usually has to be learned with each noun. It is a normal part of learning Danish vocabulary.

A good habit is to memorize nouns together with their article:

• en vase
• et bord
• en buket
• en søster

In Danish, possessives like min, din, hans, hendes, vores, and so on usually come before the noun, and then the noun stays indefinite.

So:

• min søster = my sister
• min vase = my vase

Not:

• min søsteren

Compare:

• søsteren = the sister
• min søster = my sister

This is different from English only in form, not in meaning.

Kommer med means comes with or more naturally here, brings.

So:

• min søster kommer med en buket blomster
  = my sister comes with a bouquet of flowers = more natural English: my sister brings a bouquet of flowers

Danish often uses komme med in situations where English might prefer bring.

Examples:

• Han kom med kaffe. = He came with coffee / He brought coffee.
• Kan du komme med en stol? = Can you bring a chair?

Both are possible, but en buket blomster is the more natural everyday phrasing.

It literally means a bouquet of flowers.

In Danish, noun + noun combinations like this are very common:

• en buket blomster = a bouquet of flowers
• et glas vand = a glass of water
• en kop kaffe = a cup of coffee

Using af is not always wrong, but it is often less natural in simple phrases like this.

Blomster means flowers, plural.

In en buket blomster, the important noun is buket. The word blomster tells us what kind of bouquet it is.

So:

• en buket = a bouquet
• blomster = flowers

Together:

• en buket blomster = a bouquet of flowers

There is no article before blomster because it works a bit like a complement after buket, not as a separate main noun phrase.

This is normal Danish main-clause word order.

In a basic statement, Danish usually follows:

• subject + verb + rest

So:

• Jeg sætter en vase midt på bordet
• min søster kommer med en buket blomster

Since the sentence joins two main clauses with og (and), each clause keeps normal main-clause order.

If something else were placed first, the word order could change:

• I dag sætter jeg en vase midt på bordet.
• Så kommer min søster med en buket blomster.

That is because Danish is a V2 language, meaning the finite verb is usually in second position in main clauses.

Yes. Danish present tense often covers both:

• I put
• I am putting

So:

• Jeg sætter en vase midt på bordet can mean either
  I put a vase in the middle of the table or
  I am putting a vase in the middle of the table, depending on context.

Danish does not use a separate progressive form like English am putting nearly as often.

Yes, but midt på bordet is usually the more natural and direct choice here.

Compare:

• midt på bordet = right in the middle of the table
• i midten af bordet = in the middle of the table

Both are understandable, but midt på bordet sounds more idiomatic in this kind of everyday sentence about placing something.

Yes. In standard Danish punctuation, a comma is often used before og when it joins two full clauses, each with its own subject and verb.

Here we have:

1. Jeg sætter en vase midt på bordet
2. min søster kommer med en buket blomster

Each part could stand on its own as a sentence, so the comma is natural in Danish writing.

English punctuation is often a bit different, so learners sometimes notice this.