Die lugdiens verduidelik die aanspreeklikheid en die vervoervoorwaardes.

Because both nouns are definite:

• die lugdiens = the airline
• die aanspreeklikheid = the liability
• die vervoervoorwaardes = the conditions of carriage / transport conditions

Afrikaans often repeats the definite article before each noun in a list, just as English can do. So die aanspreeklikheid en die vervoervoorwaardes is perfectly normal.

Also, Afrikaans uses die for:

• singular nouns
• plural nouns
• all grammatical genders

So unlike languages such as German or Dutch, you do not have to learn different forms of the.

Lugdiens is a compound noun:

• lug = air
• diens = service

So literally it means air service, but in context it means airline.

Afrikaans, like Dutch and German, very often writes compound nouns as a single word. English sometimes does this too, but less consistently. So where English might write air service or transport conditions, Afrikaans often joins the parts into one word.

Yes. Verduidelik here is the present tense verb, and in Afrikaans the verb usually does not change form for different subjects in the present tense.

So:

• Ek verduidelik = I explain
• Jy verduidelik = you explain
• Die lugdiens verduidelik = the airline explains

This is much simpler than English, where you get explain but explains with he/she/it.

Also, the infinitive is usually the same form after om te:

• om te verduidelik = to explain

Yes, in this sentence it is very similar to English:

• Die lugdiens = subject
• verduidelik = verb
• die aanspreeklikheid en die vervoervoorwaardes = object

So the basic pattern is:

Subject + Verb + Object

That is one reason this sentence feels fairly easy for an English speaker.

Yes. It is built from smaller parts:

• aanspreeklik = liable / responsible
• -heid = -ness or a noun-forming ending, like English -ity in some cases

So aanspreeklikheid means liability.

The ending -heid is very common in Afrikaans and often turns an adjective into an abstract noun:

• moontlik = possible

• moontlikheid = possibility

• seker = certain / sure
• sekerheid = certainty

So once you recognize -heid, long words become easier to understand.

This is another compound noun. It can be understood as:

• vervoer = transport / carriage
• voorwaardes = conditions / terms

Together: transport conditions or conditions of carriage.

Afrikaans normally writes this as one word because compound nouns are usually joined. English often prefers separate words, but Afrikaans prefers a single compound.

This is very typical formal or legal-style vocabulary.

Because it refers to multiple conditions or terms.

The singular is:

• voorwaarde = condition / term

The plural is:

• voorwaardes = conditions / terms

A very common plural ending in Afrikaans is -s, especially with words like this.

Not in the way many European languages do. For practical learning purposes, Afrikaans does not require you to learn masculine, feminine, and neuter noun forms with different articles.

That is why you simply get die for the, regardless of the noun:

• die lugdiens
• die aanspreeklikheid
• die voorwaardes

This is one of the easier parts of Afrikaans grammar for English speakers.

A rough English-style guide:

• die ≈ dee
• lugdiens ≈ lukh-deens
  
  • g is a guttural sound, not like English g
• verduidelik ≈ fair-DOY-duh-lake or fur-DOY-duh-lake
• aanspreeklikheid ≈ AHN-sprake-lik-hate
• vervoervoorwaardes ≈ fair-FOOR-fur-vahr-dus

A few useful pronunciation notes:

• ui in verduidelik is one of the trickier Afrikaans sounds for English speakers.
• g and sometimes ch are usually pronounced with a throat sound.
• aa is a long vowel, so aan- is longer than a short a.

Because the vocabulary is formal, administrative, or legal:

• lugdiens = airline
• aanspreeklikheid = liability
• vervoervoorwaardes = conditions of carriage / transport terms

You would expect this kind of sentence in:

• airline terms and conditions
• booking information
• legal notices
• official company documents

So even though the grammar is straightforward, the style is more formal than everyday conversation.

In some cases Afrikaans can omit a repeated article in coordination, but here die aanspreeklikheid en die vervoervoorwaardes sounds clear and natural, especially in formal writing.

Repeating die helps show that these are two separate definite noun phrases:

• the liability
• the transport conditions

In a formal context, that repetition is very normal and often preferable for clarity.