Ils sont ambitieux, c'est pourquoi ils ont fondé cette entreprise.

Questions & Answers about Ils sont ambitieux, c'est pourquoi ils ont fondé cette entreprise.

How would we rewrite this as a mixed conditional to say 'If they weren't ambitious, they wouldn't have founded this company'?
This directly applies the current lesson's grammar. You use si + imperfect (for the ongoing present state of being ambitious) + past conditional (for the completed past action). It becomes: S'ils n'étaient pas ambitieux, ils n'auraient pas fondé cette entreprise.
Why do we use c'est pourquoi instead of just pourquoi?
In French, pourquoi is primarily a question word meaning 'why'. To state a consequence meaning 'that is why' or 'therefore', you must use a fixed phrase like c'est pourquoi, c'est pour ça que, or voilà pourquoi.
Could I use parce que (because) to link these ideas instead of c'est pourquoi?
You could, but you would have to flip the sentence structure. Parce que introduces the cause, whereas c'est pourquoi introduces the result. You would say: Ils ont fondé cette entreprise parce qu'ils sont ambitieux.
The word ambitieux describes the plural subject ils. Why doesn't it have a plural ending?
Adjectives that already end in -x or -s in their singular masculine form do not change for the masculine plural. If the subject were feminine plural, however, you would add the standard feminine plural ending: elles sont ambitieuses.

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