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J'ai pu prolonger mes vacances.

J'ai pu prolonger mes vacances.
I managed to extend my vacation.
From Lesson 286:Past modals (pouvoir, devoir, vouloir)·French

Questions & Answers about J'ai pu prolonger mes vacances.

Why does J'ai pu translate to "I managed to" rather than just "I could"?
When used in the passé composé, pouvoir implies that you had the ability to do something and you actually did it. It shows a successfully completed action. That is why it is often translated as "managed to" or "was able to (and did)".
How would the meaning change if I said Je pouvais prolonger?
Using the imparfait (Je pouvais) only describes a past possibility or ongoing ability. It would mean "I could extend" or "I had the option to extend" your vacation, but it doesn't tell us if you actually ended up doing it. Using J'ai pu confirms you actually extended it.
Why is the word for "vacation" plural (mes vacances) here?
In French, the word for a holiday or time off from work or school is always plural: les vacances. If you use it in the singular (une vacance), it means a "vacancy," such as an unfilled job position or an empty seat.
Why is prolonger left in the infinitive form?
Prolonger is in the infinitive because it immediately follows the modal verb pouvoir. Even though pouvoir is conjugated in a compound tense (J'ai pu), the rule still applies: the main action verb that follows it must remain in its dictionary form.

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