Breakdown of قبل از اینکه موجر قرارداد را لغو کند، نامبرده موظف است خسارت را پرداخت کند.
است
is
ازaz
from
راrâ
definite direct object marker
پرداخت کردنpardâkht kardan
to pay
لغو کردنlaghv kardan
to cancel
قراردادgharârdâd
contract
اینکهin-ke
that (conjunction)
خسارتkhesârat
damage
قبلghabl
ago, earlier
موظفmovazzaf
obliged / required (of a person)
موجرmojer
landlord / lessor (legal)
نامبردهnâm-borde
the aforementioned / the said person
قبل از اینکهghabl az inke
before (+ subjunctive)
Questions & Answers about قبل از اینکه موجر قرارداد را لغو کند، نامبرده موظف است خسارت را پرداخت کند.
How does نامبرده work in this sentence, and is it a noun or an adjective here?
While often introduced as an adjective, نامبرده (the aforementioned / the said person) frequently acts as a standalone noun or pronoun in formal and legal texts to refer back to a person mentioned earlier. In this sentence, it acts as the subject of the second clause. Note that نامبرده is almost exclusively used for people, whereas مذکور (mazkur) is typically used for objects, documents, or concepts.
Could we use مذکور instead of نامبرده in this sentence to mean the same thing?
Not on its own. Because مذکور is generally used as an adjective rather than a standalone pronoun for people, you would need to pair it with a noun, such as شخص مذکور (the aforementioned person) or مستاجر مذکور (the aforementioned tenant). Using نامبرده on its own is the standard, natural choice in formal Farsi for referring back to an individual.
Why are both لغو کند (cancels) and پرداخت کند (pay) in the subjunctive mood?
They are triggered by two different grammar rules from earlier levels. The first verb, لغو کند, is subjunctive because it follows قبل از اینکه (before), which requires the subjunctive mood for an action that hasn't happened yet. The second verb, پرداخت کند, is in the subjunctive because it is dependent on موظف است (is obliged to); expressing obligation or necessity always triggers the subjunctive for the required action.
Is موجر the standard everyday word for "landlord"?
No, موجر (moujer) is a highly formal, legal Arabic loanword meaning "lessor" or "landlord." You will see it constantly in rental agreements and legal disputes, but in everyday conversational Farsi, you would call a residential landlord صاحبخانه (sâheb-khâneh).
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