Breakdown of برشها خیلی ظریف هستند، بنابراین هنرمند باید از چاقوی خوبی استفاده کرده باشد.
هنرمند
artist
خیلی
very / many (of)
بودنbudan
to be
ازaz
from
بایدbâyad
must
خوبkhub
well / good
استفاده کردنestefâde kardan
to use
چاقوchâqu
knife
بنابراینbanâbar-in
therefore
ظریفzarif
delicate (elegant, fine)
برشboresh
cut / slice
Questions & Answers about برشها خیلی ظریف هستند، بنابراین هنرمند باید از چاقوی خوبی استفاده کرده باشد.
Does banâbar-in force the verb in the second clause to be subjunctive?
No. banâbar-in (therefore) just links two independent ideas to show consequence. Unlike conjunctions of purpose (like tâ), it doesn't change the verb mood of the clause it introduces. The subjunctive verb in the second half of this sentence is actually caused by bâyad (must), not by banâbar-in.
Why is the verb estefâde karde bâshad instead of a regular past tense?
This is the past subjunctive (or perfect subjunctive), which translates here to 'must have used.' The word bâyad (must) always requires a subjunctive verb. Because we are making a logical guess about an action already completed in the past, we form it with the past participle estefâde karde plus the present subjunctive of 'to be' (bâshad).
Why is the word az placed before châghu-ye khubi?
In Farsi, the compound verb for 'to use' is az [something] estefâde kardan. It literally translates to 'to make use from something.' You always need the preposition az before the object being used.
How does the indefinite 'a' or 'an' work in the phrase châghu-ye khubi?
The phrase means 'a good knife.' It is built from châghu (knife) + the connecting -ye (ezâfe) + khub (good) + the indefinite suffix -i (a/an). Notice that when a noun is described by an adjective, the indefinite -i is attached to the very end of the phrase, directly onto the adjective.
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