Breakdown of قبل از اینکه کارگرهای سحرخیز گاری را بیاورند، صبر میکنیم.
راrâ
definite direct object marker
آوردنâvardan
to bring
صبر کردنsabr kardan
to wait
کارگرkârgar
worker
قبل ازqabl az
before
اینکهin-ke
that (conjunction)
سحرخیزsaharkhiz
early-rising
گاریgâri
cart
قبل از اینکهghabl az inke
before (+ subjunctive)
Questions & Answers about قبل از اینکه کارگرهای سحرخیز گاری را بیاورند، صبر میکنیم.
Why is biyavarand (they bring) in the subjunctive form here?
Clauses starting with ghabl az inke (before) always require the verb to be in the present subjunctive. This is because the action in the 'before' clause hasn't actually happened yet relative to the main action. Here, biyavarand is the present subjunctive of the verb avardan (to bring).
How is the word saharkhiz (early-rising) constructed?
Saharkhiz is a compound adjective. It combines sahar (dawn or early morning) with khiz, which is the present stem of the verb barkhastan (to rise or get up). Literally, it means 'dawn-rising'.
Why is there a -ye sound connecting kargar-ha to saharkhiz?
The suffix -ha makes kargar (worker) plural. To connect this plural noun to its describing adjective saharkhiz (early-rising), we need the connecting grammatical vowel called the Ezāfe. Because the plural suffix -ha ends in a long vowel, the Ezāfe is pronounced and sometimes written as a -ye sound.
Why is the word ra used after gari (cart)?
The word ra is the definite direct object marker. It shows that the workers are bringing a specific cart ('the cart'), rather than just any random cart. If they were bringing an unspecified cart ('a cart'), Farsi would drop ra and likely use yek gari or gari-i.
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