Breakdown of با وجود اینکه آب خیلی سرد است، باکتریها اینجا زنده میمانند.
است
is
خیلی
very / many (of)
اینجاinjâ
here
آبâb
water
سردsard
cold
با وجود اینکهbâ vojud-e in-ke
despite the fact that
زنده ماندنzende mândan
to survive
باکتریbâkteri
bacteria
Questions & Answers about با وجود اینکه آب خیلی سرد است، باکتریها اینجا زنده میمانند.
Many conjunctions require the subjunctive mood. Why is the verb است in the indicative here?
The phrase با وجود اینکه (despite the fact that) introduces an established fact, not a hypothetical idea, a wish, or a doubt. Because you are stating a reality (the water actually is cold), the verb remains in the normal indicative mood.
What is the literal breakdown of the phrase با وجود اینکه?
Literally, it translates to "with the existence of this that." با means "with," وجود means "existence" or "presence" (connected to the next word by the invisible ezafe vowel), and اینکه means "this that." Together, they form the conjunction "despite the fact that."
We learned earlier that non-human plural subjects often take singular verbs. Why does باکتریها (bacteria) take the plural verb میمانند (they stay)?
While inanimate objects (like books or chairs) usually take singular verbs, living organisms—even non-human ones like animals, plants, and bacteria—often take plural verbs in Farsi. Since bacteria are alive, the plural verb میمانند is the most natural choice here.
How is the verb for "survive" constructed in this sentence?
Farsi doesn't use a single simple verb for "survive" here. Instead, it uses the compound verb زنده ماندن, which combines زنده (alive) and ماندن (to stay or to remain). So, زنده میمانند literally translates to "they stay alive."
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