Breakdown of به خاطر رفتار خوب، قاضی سختگیر اجازه داد که او زود به خانه برود.
او
he/she
خانه
house
بهbe
to
رفتنraftan
to go
زودzud
early / quickly, soon
کهke
that (conjunction)
خوبkhub
well / good
قاضیqâzi
judge
به خاطرbe khâter-e
because of / for the sake of (often for a person's sake)
سختگیرsakht-gir
strict
اجازه دادنejâze dâdan
to allow
رفتارraftâr
behavior
اجازهejâze
permission
Questions & Answers about به خاطر رفتار خوب، قاضی سختگیر اجازه داد که او زود به خانه برود.
How does the grammar for "allowed him to go" work in this sentence?
The main verb is ejâze dâd (allowed). As taught in this lesson, when someone allows an action, we use ke (that) followed by the present subjunctive for the second verb. Here, that is beravad (that he go). The whole structure literally translates to "gave permission that he go."
Why doesn't the word for "him" (u) have the direct object marker râ after it?
In English we say "allowed him," making "him" an object. But in Farsi, the structure is "gave permission that he goes." Because u (he) is the subject of the second verb beravad (goes), it doesn't take the object marker râ.
How is "because of" formed here, and does it use the ezâfe?
We use the phrase be khâter-e, which is a very common way to say "because of" or "for the sake of". It always needs the invisible connector ezâfe (the "e" sound) to link it to the noun that follows, which is why it links directly into raftâr-e khub (good behavior).
Why is there a "ye" sound connecting qâzi (judge) and sakht-gir (strict)?
The noun qâzi ends in a vowel (the "i" sound). To connect it to its adjective using the ezâfe grammatical link, we must add a consonant "y" sound to make it flow smoothly. So it becomes qâzi-ye sakht-gir.
What is the literal meaning of the word sakht-gir (strict)?
It is a compound word made of sakht (hard or tough) and gir, which comes from the verb gereftan (to take). So a strict person is literally described as someone who "takes things hard".
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