Question 1

Why do we need ân râ here? Doesn't the sentence already say "that I fastened"?

Accepted Answer

In Farsi, when the noun you are describing (the screw) is the direct object of the verb inside the "that" clause (I fastened), you usually need to include a pronoun to represent it again. This is called a resumptive pronoun. ân means "it" and râ marks it as the direct object, literally making the clause mean "that I fastened it".

Question 2

Can I drop ân râ and attach a pronoun to the verb instead?

Accepted Answer

Yes! Instead of using the separate words ân râ, you can use the object enclitic -ash (it) and attach it to the end of the verb. The relative clause would then be ke bâ in pich-gushti bastam-ash. Both forms are perfectly correct and common.

Question 3

Why does pich (screw) have an -i at the end to make pichi? Is it indefinite?

Accepted Answer

While -i often means "a" or "an", here it is the relative -i. It attaches to a noun right before ke (that) to link the noun to the descriptive clause. It acts similar to "the" in English by pointing out a specific item: "the screw that...".

Question 4

I learned that bastan means "to close". Why is it translated as "fastened" here?

Accepted Answer

The verb bastan is very versatile. While its most common meaning is "to close" (like a door), it also means "to tie", "to bind", or "to fasten". When talking about a screw (pich), bastan is the natural verb to use for driving it in or tightening it.

Question 5

How does kharâb shod translate to "got damaged"?

Accepted Answer

This is a compound verb made of kharâb (broken, ruined, or out of order) and the past tense of shodan (to become). So kharâb shod literally translates to "it became broken" or "it got damaged".

پیچی که آن را با این پیچ‌گوشتی بستم، خراب شد.

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