Word
آن بیمار خودش را آزار میدهد.
Meaning
That patient hurts himself.
Part of speech
sentence
Pronunciation
Course
Breakdown of آن بیمار خودش را آزار میدهد.
بیمار
sick
آن
that
راrâ
definite direct object marker
خودkhod
self
Questions & Answers about آن بیمار خودش را آزار میدهد.
Why do we use خودش instead of just او for "him"?
If we said آن بیمار او را آزار میدهد, it would mean "That patient hurts him" (meaning a completely different person). To show that the patient is doing the action to themselves, we use the reflexive word خود and attach the possessive ending for "his/her" (ـَش), which gives us خودش (himself/herself).
Why is the word را placed right after خودش?
را is the marker for a specific direct object, showing who or what is receiving the action. Since the patient is hurting himself, خودش is the direct object. Reflexive pronouns pointing back to the subject are always specific, so when they receive the action, they must be followed by را.
How does the verb آزار میدهد work?
It is a compound verb made of two parts: the noun آزار (harm or annoyance) and میدهد, which is the third-person present tense of دادن (to give). Literally, the phrase means "gives harm," but in everyday Farsi it simply means "hurts" or "harasses."
Is آن acting as a pronoun meaning "he" or "she" here?
No, here آن acts as the word "that" because it is placed directly before the noun بیمار (patient). Together, آن بیمار forms the complete subject "that patient." While آن can sometimes act as a standalone pronoun for "it" or "that," it acts as a pointing word when placed directly in front of a noun.