Breakdown of زن پیر برادرم را دید و او را بوسید.
او
he/she
و
and
پیر
old
زنzan
woman
برادرbarâdar
brother
دیدنdidan
to see / to watch
راrâ
definite direct object marker
بوسیدنbusidan
to kiss
Questions & Answers about زن پیر برادرم را دید و او را بوسید.
How does او را translate to "him"?
او (u) is the independent pronoun for "he" or "she". When we add the direct object marker را (râ) right after it, it becomes the object of the sentence, translating to "him" or "her". In this lesson, we are practicing these independent object pronouns, which act just like separate object words in English.
Why are there two را words in this sentence?
The sentence has two separate actions with two separate specific direct objects. First, the old woman saw "my brother", so برادرم (barâdar-am) gets a را. Then, she kissed "him", so the independent pronoun او (u) also needs its own را for the second action. Every specific direct object needs its own marker.
Why does the object marker را come after the "my" in برادرم?
برادرم is made of برادر (barâdar, meaning brother) plus the possessive suffix م (-am, meaning my). The rule for را is that it always goes at the very end of the entire noun phrase. Since "my brother" is the complete object, را must follow the possessive suffix.
How do we read زن پیر as "the old woman" without a word for "the"?
Farsi does not have a separate word for "the", so we understand it from context. To connect the noun زن (zan, woman) to the adjective describing her, پیر (pir, old), we use a short hidden "e" sound called the Ezafe. It is pronounced zan-e pir.
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