Impersonal Expressions (Es necesario que)

The I in WEIRDO stands for impersonal expressions: constructions built on es + adjective + que that make a general judgment or evaluation. These expressions don't belong to any particular subject (hence "impersonal"), but they trigger the subjunctive in the clause that follows because they express an attitude rather than a neutral fact.

The Structure

Es + [adjective] + que + [subjunctive verb]

The main clause contains a short evaluative phrase ("it is necessary," "it is important," "it is possible"), followed by que and a dependent clause whose verb is in the subjunctive.

Common Triggers

SpanishEnglish
es necesario queit's necessary that
es importante queit's important that
es bueno queit's good that
es malo queit's bad that
es mejor queit's better that
es posible queit's possible that
es probable queit's probable that
es difícil queit's unlikely / difficult that
es triste queit's sad that
es raro queit's strange that
es urgente queit's urgent that
es una lástima queit's a shame that

Es necesario que and Es importante que

These two are extremely common in everyday speech and are often used to give advice or state requirements.

Es necesario que lleguen a tiempo a la reunión.

It's necessary that they arrive on time to the meeting.

Es importante que estudies todos los días.

It's important that you study every day.

Es necesario que hablemos con el director.

It's necessary that we speak with the director.

Es posible que and Es probable que

These express a degree of uncertainty, which naturally takes the subjunctive.

Es posible que llueva esta tarde.

It's possible that it will rain this afternoon.

Es probable que los niños se despierten temprano.

It's probable that the children will wake up early.

Es posible que haya un problema con la conexión.

It's possible that there's a problem with the connection.

Es bueno, malo, triste, raro

These express an evaluative judgment about the situation.

Es bueno que los estudiantes practiquen todos los días.

It's good that the students practice every day.

Es triste que no podamos vernos más seguido.

It's sad that we can't see each other more often.

Es raro que no hayas recibido el correo.

It's strange that you haven't received the email.

When No Specific Subject Is Stated

If the impersonal expression is followed by an infinitive rather than que + subjunctive, it refers to a general statement that applies to anyone, not a specific person.

  • Es importante estudiar. — "It's important to study." (General advice for anyone.)
  • Es importante que estudies. — "It's important that you study." (Addressed to a specific person.)
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The moment you add que with a specific subject, switch to the subjunctive. If you're making a purely general statement with no particular subject, use the infinitive instead.

The Certainty Exception

Not every es + adjective + que expression takes the subjunctive. A small but important group expresses certainty or evident truth and therefore uses the indicative instead. These include:

  • es cierto que — it's certain that
  • es verdad que — it's true that
  • es obvio que — it's obvious that
  • es evidente que — it's evident that
  • es seguro que — it's sure that
  • está claro que — it's clear that

When these expressions are affirmative, they take the indicative. When they are negated, they express doubt and switch back to the subjunctive.

SentenceMoodWhy
Es cierto que llueve.indicativeAffirming a fact
No es cierto que llueva.subjunctiveDenying / doubting the fact
Es obvio que lo sabe.indicativeClear truth
No es obvio que lo sepa.subjunctiveUncertainty

No es verdad que ellos estén enojados contigo.

It's not true that they are angry with you.

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The rule of thumb for impersonal expressions: if the expression makes a value judgment or expresses possibility, use the subjunctive. If it affirms a factual certainty, use the indicative. And if you negate a certainty expression, flip back to the subjunctive.

More Examples

Es mejor que descanses antes del examen.

It's better that you rest before the exam.

Es urgente que llamemos al médico ahora mismo.

It's urgent that we call the doctor right now.

Es una lástima que no puedan venir a la boda.

It's a shame that they can't come to the wedding.

With this page, you've covered the main triggers for the present subjunctive. Practice combining the formation rules from the earlier pages with the triggers from these last four pages, and the subjunctive will start to feel like a natural extension of the indicative rather than a separate mood.

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