Breakdown of Müsabakadan önce kullanmaması gereken o yasaklı hormon dopingdir.
o
that / he / she / it
kullanmak
to use
önce
before / first / firstly
gerekmek
to be necessary / to be needed
yasaklı
banned
müsabaka
competition (sports match)
hormon
hormone
doping
doping
Questions & Answers about Müsabakadan önce kullanmaması gereken o yasaklı hormon dopingdir.
In the word kullanmaması, why are there two -ma syllables?
The first -ma is the negative suffix (not), and the second -ma creates a verbal noun (acting like an English gerund). When attached to the verb root kullan- (use) and the third-person possessive -sı (his/her), it literally means "his/her not using."
How does kullanmaması combine with gereken to mean "that he must not use"?
To form an adjective clause about a necessity, Turkish pairs a possessive verbal noun with gereken (the subject participle of gerek, meaning "which is necessary"). So, kullanmaması gereken hormon translates literally as "the hormone which his-not-using is necessary."
Why is the word yasaklı used here instead of just yasak for "banned"?
Yasak means "forbidden" and usually acts as a noun or predicate to state a rule (like girmek yasak - entry is forbidden). Yasaklı, however, means "having a ban" and is used as an adjective for a noun placed on a restricted list, like a banned player or a banned hormone.
What nuance does the -dir suffix add to dopingdir?
While it functions as the "is" in the sentence, the -dir suffix here adds a formal, definitive, or encyclopedic tone. It signals that this statement is an official rule or an objective definition, typical of what you would find in a sports regulation book.
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