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### The Negative Suffix

You already know that the bare verb root forms a positive command. To tell someone *not* to do something, add the negative suffix **-ma** or **-me** to the verb root.

The suffix depends on vowel harmony. Look at the last vowel in the root:
- Back vowels (**a, ı, o, u**) take **-ma**.
- Front vowels (**e, i, ö, ü**) take **-me**.

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### Providing Context

Just like with positive commands, the verb always stays at the very end of the sentence. Time words like **erken** (early) and **geç** (late) come right before the verb.

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### Multiple Commands

You can pair a negative command with a positive one to redirect behavior. The negative verb takes the suffix, while the positive verb stays in its bare root form.

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To connect two or more commands, use **ve** (and).

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Negative commands (-ma, -me)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (bu, şu, o)

Basic question words (kim, ne)

Plural nouns (-lar, -ler)

I am and you are (-(y)ım, -sın)

We, you, and they are (-(y)ız, -sınız)

Negative statements (değil)

Yes and no questions (mı, mi, mu, mü)

Questions with 'to be' (mısın, mıyım)

Numbers 1 to 10 (bir, iki, üç)

Numbers 11 to 20 (on bir, on iki)

Numbers by tens to 100 (otuz, kırk...)

Counting objects (tane)

The locative case (-da, -de)

Consonant assimilation (-ta, -te)

Asking where (nerede)

There is / there are (var)

There is not / there are not (yok)

Asking how many (kaç)

Infinitive verbs (-mak, -mek)

Informal commands (git, gel)

Polite and plural commands (-In, -InIz)

Basic word order

Present continuous for consonant roots (-iyor)

Present continuous for vowel roots (-iyor)

Present continuous personal suffixes (-iyorum)

Negative present continuous (-miyor)

Present continuous questions (-iyor mu)

Future plans with present continuous

The dative case (-(y)a, -(y)e)

Consonant mutation (k, t, p, ç to ğ, d, b, c)

From or out of (-dan / -den)

Directional question words (nereye, nereden)

First and second person possessives (-(i)m, -(i)n)

Third person possessive (-(s)i)

Plural possessives (-imiz, -iniz, -leri)

The genitive case (-(n)in)

Definite noun compounds (-nin ... -si)

Indefinite noun compounds (bare noun + -(s)i)

Possessive buffer letter (n)

Spatial postpositions (içinde, üstünde)

The definite direct object (-(y)ı, -(y)i)

Object question words (kimi, neyi)

Adjectives modifying nouns

Manner and choice questions (nasıl, hangi)

Basic degree modifiers (çok, biraz)

Comparisons (daha, en)

Days of the week

Months of the year

The time question word (ne zaman)

Telling time (saat, buçuk)

Asking the time (saat kaç, saat kaçta)

Basic conjunctions (ve, ama, veya)

Causality conjunction (çünkü)

Means and accompaniment (ile, -(y)lA)

Purpose and beneficiaries (için)

Expressing desire (-mak istemek)

The past copula (-(y)DI)

The direct past tense (-DI)

Past tense personal suffixes (-DIm, -DIn)

Past tense negative (-mAdI)

Past tense questions (-DI mI)

Ordinal numbers (-(I)ncI)

Greetings and politeness

Saying 'too' (de, da)

Conversation fillers (şey, yani, hadi)

Conversational essentials

Reflexive pronouns (kendim, kendin)

Reciprocal pronouns (birbiri)

Indefinite pronouns for people (herkes, kimse)

Indefinite pronouns for things and places (her şey, hiçbir şey)

Conjunctions of consequence (bu yüzden, bu nedenle)

Correlative conjunctions (hem... hem, ne... ne)

Verbs taking the dative case (-e / -a)

Verbs taking the ablative case (-den / -dan)

Time origin (beri)

Time duration (-DIr)

Comparisons of similarity (gibi)

Comparisons of equality (kadar)

Perspectives (göre)

Verbal nouns (-mA / -mE)

Verbal nouns as objects (-mAyI / -mEyI)

Verbal nouns with the dative (-mAyA / -mEyA)

General necessity (lazım / gerek)

Personal necessity (-mAm lazım)

Third-person commands (-sIn / -sInlAr)

First person singular optative (-(y)AyIm)

First person plural optative (-(y)AlIm)

Question	Answer
to cry	ağlamak
Please do not cry.	Lütfen ağlama.
to fear	korkmak
There is a dog here, do not be afraid.	Burada köpek var, korkma.
to run	koşmak
Do not run in the school.	Okulda koşma.
to shout	bağırmak
Do not shout in the library.	Kütüphanede bağırma.
Do not shout and do not cry.	Bağırma ve ağlama.
to laugh	gülmek
This man is sick, do not laugh.	Bu adam hasta, gülme.
to play	oynamak
Do not play on the street, play in the garden.	Sokakta oynama, bahçede oyna.
late	geç
It is very late now, do not work.	Şimdi çok geç, çalışma.
early	erken
to watch	izlemek
Sleep early, do not watch television.	Erken uyu, televizyon izleme.
to listen	dinlemek
Please do not speak, listen!	Lütfen konuşma, dinle!
Read a book and do not speak.	Kitap oku ve konuşma.
That dog is small, do not be afraid.	O köpek küçük, korkma.
Please do not be late, come quickly.	Lütfen geç kalma, çabuk gel.
Do not go early, wait here.	Erken gitme, burada bekle.
The bus is here, do not run.	Otobüs burada, koşma.
Do not watch television and do not play here.	Televizyon izleme ve burada oynama.
Please do not laugh, listen.	Lütfen gülme, dinle.
again	yine
Do not cry again.	Yine ağlama.
Again? Come on, go!	Yine mi? Hadi git!
don't you dare, mind you don't	sakın
Don't you dare cry!	Sakın ağlama!
Mind you don't be late!	Sakın geç kalma!
anew, all over again	yeniden
Start over, please.	Yeniden başla, lütfen.
Come on, play it all over again!	Hadi, yeniden oyna!